After the global oil crisis broke out, clean energy, represented by biomass energy, received worldwide attention. There are many kinds of biomass energy fuels, which eventually become a part of global biomass energy fuels in the form of biogas, bio-hydrogen, biodiesel and fuel ethanol. Agricultural wastes with good environmental protection performance and high tax return rate are excellent raw materials for preparing biomass energy fuels.

This project uses rice bran, an agricultural by-product, as raw material, and uses acid-base gradual transition technology and synchronous dehydration technology to produce biodiesel to alleviate the increasingly prominent energy and fuel problems.

Second, the market prospect

Biodiesel, which is a new type of fuel, is a kind of real green energy with incomparable properties such as environmental protection, low-temperature start-up, safety and renewability.

With the rising price of crude oil and the increasingly serious environmental pollution, biodiesel has attracted more and more attention as a non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable "green" fuel. Biodiesel (BD) is usually prepared by transesterification of animal and vegetable oils and short-chain alcohols. Because the oxygen content of BD is as high as 10%, the application of BD in diesel engines can reduce the emissions of particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur, hydrocarbons, smoke and noise, and burning vegetable oil will not affect the atmospheric carbon dioxide level, because the carbon in these fuels comes from photosynthesis.

The global consumption of biodiesel in the fuel field has slowed down since 2007, reaching 27.31 million tons in 2017, with a compound growth rate of 9.68% within 10 years. The global biodiesel production has gradually increased, and the growth rate rebounded after bottoming out in 2017. In the past two years, it has increased by more than 10%. In 2019, the global biodiesel production reached 47.4 billion liters, and the CAGR reached 8.35% in six years. According to the data, the output of HVO biodiesel in 2019 doubled compared with 2013, reaching 6.5 billion liters. In terms of competition pattern, the top five countries accounted for 57% of the global biodiesel production in 2019, and Indonesia surpassed the United States, Brazil and other countries to become the largest producer (accounting for 16.67% of the global production). In terms of application, the supply and demand in the United States have increased simultaneously. With the steady increase of the minimum blending amount, the market space for biodiesel in the United States is expected to be further opened. The European Union and other countries and regions require the mandatory addition of biodiesel to transportation fuels, and relevant policies promote the development of biodiesel market.

China’s biodiesel industry has great potential. (1) China’s biodiesel industry raw material-production-application (sales) industrial chain has initially taken shape, and the recycling rate of urban garbage is still very low. As one of the main domestic garbage, waste oil has a great market space for resource utilization in the future. (2) Policy support ensures the supply of raw materials, and the output and export of biodiesel in China are growing rapidly. In 2012, China’s biodiesel export volume was only 58 tons, reaching 662,000 tons in 2019, and the compound growth rate reached 280% in seven years. From January to May, 2020, China exported 251,000 tons of biodiesel, a cumulative year-on-year increase of 16.24%. (3) The export price of biodiesel in China went up. There is a certain correlation between the import and export price of biodiesel and the price of palm oil. The export price and the domestic spot price of palm oil have generally shown an upward trend since 2016.

China’s biodiesel industry adheres to the principle of "not competing with grain for land and people for grain", with low-quality waste oil and low-grade oil oil as raw materials and modified acid and alkali and solid acid and alkali as catalysts, and adheres to the green production concept. In recent years, the rising price of crude oil has promoted the rapid development of biodiesel industry. Biodiesel is a kind of biomass energy, which is a monoalkyl ester of long-chain fatty acids obtained by pyrolysis of biomass and other technologies. Biodiesel is used to extract automatic vegetable oil, which is widely used in tractors, trucks and ships.

Biodiesel has a very broad market space in the field of industrial fuels. Boilers and kilns are the main power sources of industrial enterprises and are known as the heart of industry. However, because boilers and kilns in China still use coal, natural gas and petrochemical heavy oil as the main fuels, they have become the air pollution sources second only to power generation boilers. According to the analysis of the current situation of biodiesel industry, compared with traditional fossil fuels, biodiesel is mainly composed of carbohydrates, with few harmful impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen, which makes it easier to burn fully and has low greenhouse gas emissions. It belongs to clean energy and its environmental protection is much higher than traditional fossil fuels. With the strict requirements of national environmental protection standards and energy conservation and emission reduction, replacing traditional industrial fuels such as coal and petrochemical heavy oil with biomass fuel represented by biodiesel will become an important way to curb the deterioration trend of acid precipitation pollution and prevent urban air pollution.

The peak carbon dioxide emissions Action Plan before 2030 proposes that advanced bio-liquid fuels will be vigorously promoted to replace traditional fuels, so as to reasonably control oil and gas consumption, and the application of advanced bio-liquid fuels in the transportation field will be actively expanded as one of the important measures to promote the low-carbon transformation of transportation equipment. As China’s economy is still in a relatively fast development stage, considering the demand of "peak carbon dioxide emissions" and "carbon neutrality", biodiesel will have huge market potential. China has stepped up research and development and utilization of new energy sources, and taken active measures in developing clean energy, improving energy utilization rate and reducing waste emissions, which has promoted the market share of biodiesel in China to gradually expand with the cause of low-carbon environmental protection.

The overall demand for fuel oil in China is large, and with the continuous development of economy, it can be predicted that the demand for fuel oil in China will continue to increase in the future. As a renewable and clean energy, the development of biodiesel industry is of great significance to ensure the safety of China’s energy strategy, comprehensively manage the ecological environment, and adjust China’s agricultural industrial structure to promote economic development. Judging from the road usage of biodiesel in China from 2013 to 2019, it can be seen that the application of biodiesel in China is gradually deepening. The development of biodiesel industry is consistent with the current petrochemical industry’s adjustment of oil product structure and improvement of diesel-gasoline ratio. As a substitute for petroleum diesel, biodiesel has broad prospects in China.

Iii. Favorable conditions for project construction (1) Policy conditions The Biodiesel Industry Development Policy issued by the Energy Bureau (hereinafter referred to as the Policy) proposes to build a sustainable raw material supply system that is suitable for the characteristics of China’s resources, with waste oil as the main component and wood (grass) as the supplement. The Policy encourages the promotion and use of biodiesel in key areas of air pollution prevention and control such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. Encourage automobile and ship manufacturers and related research institutions to optimize the design of diesel engine systems and give full play to the power, energy saving and environmental protection characteristics of biodiesel blended fuel.

Article 19 of the Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Petroleum Refined Oil Circulation drafted by the Ministry of Commerce clearly points out that it is necessary to promote the development of green innovation, encourage and guide enterprises to develop and apply new technologies and equipment, and improve the level of safety, environmental protection and resource utilization. Local energy authorities should work with relevant departments to study and formulate market circulation policies for alternative energy sources such as biodiesel and ethanol gasoline, and build an efficient, clean and low-carbon energy supply system.

　 (2) Regional advantages

Linkou county is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, among the three cities of Mudanjiang, Jixi and Qitaihe. It governs 11 towns and 176 administrative villages, with a total area of 6,688 square kilometers and a total population of 350,000. Its landform features are "eight mountains, half water and half fields" and its forest coverage rate is 65%. Linkou county has the "golden signboard" of the national model county of land and resources conservation and intensive, and the construction land index in the next decade is nearly 800 hectares. We are focusing on promoting the construction of the "4321" industrial development system, that is, focusing on the "four industries with superior resources" of graphite, cement, coal and calcium carbonate, expanding the "three industries with agricultural characteristics" of goose, Chinese herbal medicine and small berries, developing the "two new energy industries" of hydropower and wind energy, creating a number of pillar industries, backbone enterprises and leading products, and actively building a multi-point support, multi-industry and diversified development. (3) Traffic Advantages: Roads such as Heda and Fanghui in linkou county are intertwined with railways such as Lindong and Tujia. The Mujia high-speed railway that has been opened can reach Harbin in 2 hours, Mudanjiang Hailang International Airport, Jixi Xingkai Lake Airport and Suifenhe Suidong Airport in 1 hour and 30 minutes. The three-dimensional traffic network of roads, railways and aviation is smooth, realizing a "two-hour economic circle" centered on Linkou. IV. Contents and Scale of Project Construction The project covers an area of 90,000 square meters, with a building area of 39,000 square meters. Two production lines with an annual output of 58,000 tons of biodiesel will be built, and ancillary works such as water supply and drainage, power supply, heating, roads, greening and environmental protection will be built.

V. Total investment of the project

The total investment of the project is about 100 million yuan, including 82 million yuan in fixed assets and 18 million yuan in working capital.　　　　

Six, the main financial indicators of the project after production, the annual sales income of 40 million yuan, profits of 12 million yuan, profits and taxes of 2.4 million yuan, the investment recovery period of 8 years.

VII. The social evaluation project makes use of agricultural wastes as resources, turns them into valuables, realizes the dual benefits of resource reuse and environmental protection, and can find 100 jobs. The development of biodiesel plays a very important role and significance in ensuring energy security, promoting agricultural development and increasing farmers’ income.

VIII. Ways of cooperation

Sole proprietorship, joint venture and cooperation IX. Mode of investment: capital, equipment and technology X. Progress and stage of the project

Preliminary preparation stage XI. Project construction site: linkou county Economic Development Zone

XII. Contact information Contact unit: linkou county Economic Cooperation Promotion Center

Associated person: Zhou Yang

Email: lkxjjhzcjzx@163.com　

Tel: 15245381339

　　[car home Professional Evaluation] A row of black (|) is often parked under the car home headquarters building, which should be the internal car of other companies in the building. Elegant and luxurious appearance, elegant interior, rich configuration and leapfrog body size, as Buick’s highest-positioned car, LaCrosse has successfully won the trust of many consumers. These days driving LaCrosse, I always feel that I need a suit to meet its temperament.

　　This test car is a 2021 Buick LaCrosse 652T distinguished model. As an annual modified model, it has not changed in the static part. This paper only makes a brief review, focusing on the driving experience part with great personality change. In addition, in 2021, a 552T model with a 1.5T engine was introduced. We have tried it before, and interested users can click on the portal to read it.

　　LaCrosse has a slender body, short front suspension and long rear suspension, which makes it look luxurious, and the blade shape of two-color multi-spoke rim is very dynamic, which is very harmonious when combined with LaCrosse. The tire is Michelin PRIMACY 3 ST with the size of 235/50 R18.

　　Flying wing front grille, full LED headlights, and slip-back styling, all these elements together are young enough, but this year we have seen too many exaggerated and futuristic designs, so it seems that the LaCrosse is a little conservative. In particular, the interior, four-spoke steering wheel and wood grain decoration are typical classical luxury styles.

　　The center console of the LaCrosse is covered with physical buttons, multimedia, air conditioning and common vehicle functions. The layout is clear and reasonable, and it is easy to use. Although it looks not as strong as touching the buttons, the feel can only be considered quite satisfactory, but this is definitely one of the few models that I can achieve blind exercise in the past six months, which is really convenient. But I also found a small problem, that is, the steering lever. You can watch the video for details.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

　　In the official definition, Avenir models are classified separately. If you don’t count the LaCrosse Avenir, then this 652T distinguished model is already the top model. Its configuration really didn’t disappoint us. The seats made of leather and suede are very classy. The front seats also support ventilation, heating and massage. In addition, there are 8-inch LCD instruments, HUD, BOSE audio, etc. The only surprise is that the 360 panoramic image is actually exclusive to Avenir models.

　　LaCrosse’s space performance is good, and its configuration is also remarkable. Some points have been deducted from the seat with a slightly poor fit. In addition, the automatic anti-glare function of the exterior rearview mirror will be automatically turned on in the evening. If it is followed by a car without headlights, it is easy to see clearly.

In our life, some people shine in our hearts forever, although they have left. It is a deep emotion to miss the old friends, to cherish the wonderful fragments of their lives, and to grieve for their irreparable loss. Today, we cherish the memory of five stars who left a deep impression on our lives in the first half of this year. They lit up our years with their unique light, and their departure left eternal melancholy.

Chen Dike: The Struggle Life from Dragon and Tiger Martial Master to Golden Supporting Role

Chen Dike, a story from porter and gardener to dragon and tiger warrior. Born into an ordinary family in Hong Kong in 1947, he showed his love for martial arts from an early age. In order to make a living, he has to do all kinds of manual labor, but his passion for martial arts has never subsided. This enthusiasm finally led him into Shaw Film Company, became a martial artist, and then went to Li’s TV station as a martial arts instructor. This experience laid a solid foundation for his later acting career.

In 1979, Chen Dike joined TVB, became a martial arts instructor, and occasionally made a guest appearance in a series. However, TVB’s salary is not high, and he has a family to take care of, which forced him to temporarily leave the entertainment industry and start a taxi. However, the passion for performing was always burning in his heart. A few years later, he decided to return to TVB. This return made him focus his career entirely on acting. Although he always plays a supporting role, his acting skills are impressive. Whether he is a villain or a hero, he plays it perfectly.

Surprisingly, Chen Dike remained active on the screen until he was in his 70s, and never thought about retiring. On April 20th, 2024, Chen Dike died of pneumonia at the age of 76. His sudden death made the audience who liked him lament the impermanence of life, and made people deeply miss this silent supporting role.

Junxiong Liao: Life Change from Actor to Businessman

Junxiong Liao, a supporting actor who frequently appeared in TVB TV dramas, was born in Hong Kong in 1960. As an actor, he appeared in many classic dramas, such as "The Dragon Slayer with Eternal Feelings" and "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" by The Duke Of Mount Deer. In 1997, he made a bold decision, leaving the familiar show business and turning to business. This decision surprised many people, but Junxiong Liao believed that it was a life choice that was more suitable for him.

However, the road to doing business is not smooth sailing. Junxiong Liao has experienced many ups and downs. Although he has made money, his love for performance has never been put down. In 2017, he finally decided to return to TVB and starred in the explosive drama "Anti-Black", and once again embarked on the road of performing arts. This return not only gave new vitality to his acting career, but also inspired his son Liao Jiajue to enter the TVB artist training class and continue his father’s unfinished performance dream.

Junxiong Liao’s life is full of dramatic changes. In 2021, fate played a joke on him again. His good friend Liao Qizhi died of stomach cancer, and a month later, he was diagnosed with stomach cancer himself. The blow came too suddenly, but Junxiong Liao didn’t give up. He actively fought against the disease and passed death many times. However, after three years’ efforts, on May 18th, 2024, Junxiong Liao finally died of stomach cancer at the age of 64. This news made many viewers and colleagues feel sad and sorry, because they not only lost a good actor, but also lost a strong anti-cancer fighter.

Shi Weijian: The Artistic Life from Drama Stage to Film and Television Screen

Shi Weijian was born in Huai ‘an, Jiangsu Province in 1935. He showed his love for drama since he was a child. In 1950, he stood out among more than 2,000 candidates and became a student of the Actor Training Institute of Shanghai People’s Art Theatre. On the stage of drama, he is an absolute veteran. He has worked in Shanghai People’s Art Theatre and Central Experimental Theatre successively, and has appeared in classic dramas such as Peach Blossom Fan, One Servant and Two Masters, and Fen Shui Chang Liu, which has won the audience’s love and recognition from peers.

At the age of 40, Shi Weijian ushered in a turning point in his career. Xie Jin, the great director, took a fancy to his acting talent and invited him to play the leading actor Luo Qun in the movie The Legend of Tianyunshan. The film was a great success after it was released in 1981, and Shi Weijian became famous. From then on, he began to be active in the film and television screen, among which Sun Yat-sen played an incisive role.

Despite his remarkable achievements in film and television, Shi Weijian has never forgotten his initial stage. As he grew older, he gradually faded out of the screen, but he remained active on the stage of drama. On May 12th, 2024, Shi Weijian died of illness at the age of 89. After the news came out, many audiences and people in the theater felt extremely sorry. His life is like a drama with ups and downs, full of persistence, love and endless artistic pursuit. Shi Weijian’s death is undoubtedly a great loss for the performing arts, and it also makes people cherish the artists who silently contribute on the stage and on the screen.

Toriyama Akira: The Eternal Legend of comic world

Toriyama Akira, a legendary figure in Japanese cartoon industry, is famous for his creation of Dragon Ball series comics. His comic works have hundreds of millions of loyal fans not only in Japan, but also around the world. Influenced by Osamu Tezuka and Walter Disney since childhood, Toriyama Akira has shown extraordinary talent in comic creation.

In 1980s, the cartoon series Dragon Ball made him famous. This work not only set a huge sales record in the cartoon industry, but also was adapted into a popular cartoon. Dragon Ball is not only a comic book, but also a symbol of a generation’s childhood memory, and its influence goes far beyond the comic book itself.

However, although Toriyama Akira created such great works, his life was not smooth sailing. On March 1, 2024, due to acute subdural hematoma, he died suddenly at the age of 68. The news shocked the global animation industry, and many people couldn’t believe his sudden departure. Fans of "Dragon Ball" posted their condolences on social media, lamenting that the influence left by Toriyama Akira will never disappear.

Wang Tiecheng: The Immortal Legend of Premier Zhou’s Role

Wang Tiecheng, a special actor who is famous for playing Premier Zhou, has a legendary career. At first, he performed in obscurity in China Children’s Art Theatre for many years. Until 1977, he successfully played the role of Premier Zhou in the drama "The Turning Point", which ushered in the peak of his career. This role not only made him shine on the stage, but also established his position as Premier Zhou in movies and TV series.

Although his career is in full swing, Wang Tiecheng never forgets his initial intention. He is well known by the public as a good husband and father. His long-term marriage with his wife, Yan Lili, is a pillar of happiness in his life. However, on June 21st, 2024, Wang Tiecheng died of illness at the age of 88. His departure made his wife deeply grieved, and even more, he wrote a tearful elegy, which made the whole entertainment industry mourn for it.

Wang Tiecheng’s farewell ceremony was held in babaoshan funeral home on June 25th, and all relatives and friends were in tears. In the last stage of his life, he made great achievements in his acting career and family life, and his role as Premier Zhou will always be engraved in the hearts of the audience and become his immortal artistic legacy.

Editor in charge:

2024 South China International Auto Show

Exhibition information
Exhibition time:May 1-May 4, 2024

Exhibition time: 9:00-17:00.
Exhibition location:Pazhou Guangzhou International Procurement Center

Reservation information

② Children under 1.2m are admitted to the exhibition free of charge.
③ If you have any questions, please leave a message or consult.

The 2024 May 1st South China International Auto Show is just around the corner. In order to promote the sales in the middle of the year, the on-site prices of the auto show are all put to the end. Only what you can’t think of is impossible. If you miss this auto show, you will have to wait until next year if you want a discount! Are you ready to come over?

In terms of a new generation of appearance, the new car adopts a new family-style design concept. The front face is equipped with a classic shield-shaped air intake grille, and the interior is blackened. It looks very recognizable and has a tough shape. With sharp headlights on both sides, the design of the front face is more radical.

Body side,The length, width and height of the new car are respectively 4900mm/1880mm/1420mm, and the wheelbase is 2850 mm..The new car adopts a smooth and straight waistline, which further stretches the visual length of the new car effectively, and outlines a strong muscle effect, which makes it look more powerful. The large-size multi-spoke hub design is dynamic and the driving state is even better.

At the rear of the car, the new car adopts a penetrating taillight design, which is more in line with the aesthetics of young people today. The state after lighting is even more cool. With the LOGO logo above, the recognition is also high. The heavy rear enclosure below is equipped with a bilateral exhaust layout, and the sports effect is very good.

In terms of interior, the car adopts the design of black and white two-color stitching, which looks very advanced and textured. The design on the center console has a distinct sense of hierarchy, and it is equipped with a floating central control screen, and the scientific and technological effects are also very good.

Having the first car in life is actually the dream of many people. Participating in the auto show is also an opportunity to get in touch with a large number of brand cars at close range. So, if you want to go to the auto show together, sign up as soon as possible.

I believe that many friends, like me, will be inexplicably excited at first sight! Yes, it is the Dongfeng Warrior 917 with military pedigree. This car is even known as "the pioneer of luxury electric off-road in China". Today, I finally have a chance to take a good look at it. The world is so big, let’s drive it around the world!

[car home Shihezi Preferential Promotion Channel] is currently selling well in Shihezi with a maximum discount range of 43,000 yuan, and the minimum starting price is only 130,800 yuan. If you are interested in buying Willanda, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.

Willanda’s front face design adopts a fashionable and dynamic style, the air intake grille presents exquisite texture, and the overall style shows a sense of luxury. In addition, the rear part of Willanda has also been carefully designed, simple and powerful, and the overall shape presents a highly recognizable style.

With its length, width and height of 4665*1855*1680mm and wheelbase of 2690mm, Willanda shows a spacious and comfortable interior space. The side lines of the car are smooth, and with the 18-inch rim, it presents a dynamic and steady visual effect. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1605mm and 1620mm respectively, which ensures the stability and handling of the vehicle. Both the front and rear tires are 225/60 R18, which provides excellent grip and driving experience for the vehicle.

Wilanda’s interior design is simple and modern, and the center console adopts a 10.25-inch central control screen, which provides drivers with rich information display and convenient operation. The steering wheel is made of plastic, which feels comfortable and supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth to meet the needs of different drivers. The seat material is made of fabric. The main driver’s seat can adjust the front and rear, backrest and height, the co-pilot seat supports the front and rear and backrest adjustment, the second row of seats also has the backrest adjustment function, and the rear seats also support proportional reclining, providing passengers with diverse seating and storage space.

Willanda is equipped with a 2.0L L4 engine with 171 horsepower, with a maximum power of 126kW and a maximum torque of 206 N m.. Matching it is CVT continuously variable transmission (simulating 10 gears), which provides drivers with a smooth and efficient driving experience.

The owner of car home spoke highly of the appearance of Willanda, and he pointed out: "The appearance of this car is relatively consistent with my favorite type. The design of the grid in the front face is relatively textured, and the lines on the front hood connect the headlights on both sides, which is particularly sharp. His sideways lines lengthen the distance of the whole car, and the lines are particularly smooth. The design of the taillights is particularly consistent with the design of the front face. " This design undoubtedly enhances the overall aesthetic feeling of Willanda, which is impressive.

In recent days, a video called "Distinguishing the True from the False and Empty Filtering" has been madly transmitted on the X-ray platform, which contains two experiments. After the video was on fire, all the "big V’s" parrot the same video. -What did you say in the video? Let’s watch (in order to save traffic, let’s take a simple screenshot)!

Experiment 1: Take two pieces of air filter, put them flat on the table, apply iodophor (or iodine) on the surface of air filter paper, and observe the color change of iodophor after a few seconds. If iodophor doesn’t change color obviously, it still shows yellow, which means that the filter paper is genuine. Conversely, if the iodophor turns black, it means that the filter paper contains starch, which is a fake.

Experiment 2: Take two pots filled with water, completely soak two pieces of air filter in water (the water has not been filtered by air at all), leave it for a few minutes, take the air filter out of the water and spin it dry, and observe the state of the filter paper. If the whole filter paper is still firm, it means that the air filter is genuine; If the filter paper has been infiltrated by water and become soft, it is a fake.

Identification experiment of "starch air filtration" by network transmission

And various "principle explanations"

According to the video, it is said that it is because the filter paper contains starch that it changes color after touching iodophor. So why does the filter paper contain starch? Rumor has it that the filter paper that softens when it meets water is cotton pulp paper, while the strong one is wood pulp paper. Starch needs to be added to cotton pulp paper to increase its strength.

It is also said that the filter paper treated with cotton pulp paper and starch is "semi-adhesive paper"; The pure wood pulp paper is "all-adhesive paper" … There is even an exaggerated saying that "the residual gum in the engine oil pan is the residue of starch in the filter paper after the automobile is filtered by inferior machinery" …

Truth: Cotton pulp paper is n times more expensive than wood pulp paper.

Almost all paper contains starch.

At that time, many car enthusiasts came to ask me, which made me laugh and cry! First of all, I want to say, "Today’s self-media is so unreliable"? On the question of which is more expensive, wood pulp paper or cotton pulp paper, even if you don’t understand it, can’t you ask the children around you who are learning to draw? -please! Is cotton pulp paper n times more expensive than wood pulp paper? ! You should brag like a little these days!

Since the "cheap wood pulp paper" is untenable, it seems that the "starch theory" should also be untenable, right? In fact, if you go home, try iodine on your children’s books, exercise books, newspapers and magazines: they all change color! This means that almost all paper contains starch to some extent.

So why do you use starch in papermaking? Consulting the engineers in the paper-making industry, it is known that starch used as sizing material in paper-making can improve the paper quality and papermaking conditions, and make the paper smooth, easy to print, wear-resistant and grease-resistant, with a certain drying strength and low cost. Therefore, the whole paper industry mostly uses modified starch as "retention/sizing agent".

The real filter paper adopts "mixed pulp paper"

The process is divided into "curing" and "non-curing"

In fact, the same is true of filter paper. First of all, the filter paper is made of "mixed pulp paper", including softwood pulp, hardwood pulp, Chinese alpine rush pulp and cotton pulp. It is not the "single pulp paper" rumored in the market. Secondly, because the filter paper is under pressure for a long time, we must find ways to improve the strength of the filter paper, otherwise it will rot easily. Therefore, industrial filter paper must be treated by "impregnation" process!

According to different processes, it can be divided into two categories: cured filter paper and non-cured filter paper. Cured filter paper is generally impregnated with phenolic resin, and then baked at 150~180 degrees for about 15 minutes to cure the resin and increase the stiffness of filter paper. Here, the "solidified filter paper" came out!

"Cured filter paper" is almost completely covered with resin because of high temperature treatment, so the water absorption is very poor (which is a good thing). The starch is locked inside, so iodine can’t touch the starch, so iodine doesn’t change color when doing experiments. What about "non-solidified filter paper"?

"Non-curing filter paper" generally uses polyvinyl acetate resin as impregnating agent, and it will be finished naturally after impregnation. Therefore, the hardness and stiffness of filter paper are not as good as that of "solidified filter paper". Moreover, "non-solidified filter paper" is easy to absorb water and become damp, and its high temperature resistance is not as good as "solidified filter paper".

"Curing" is better than "non-curing"

But the latter is completely sufficient for air filtration.

In other words, the materials of these two types of filter paper are the same, but the subsequent impregnation process is completely different! -"Cured filter paper" is obviously better? ! -that’s right! But the price is also expensive! Therefore, only "solidified filter paper" is allowed to be used in mechanical filter products; For air filtration, "non-solidified filter paper" is completely sufficient.

You may have to refute it: the experiment said that "uncured filter paper" is afraid of water. How can it be used for air filtration? In fact, think about it, the air intake of the automobile engine sucks in air, not soaked in water! Moreover, the air inlet of a reasonably designed car has a perfect rain-blocking structure and drainage structure, and raindrops will not touch the air filter (last year, Honda’s engine collapsed and stalled in a rainy day, wasn’t it because of the structural defect of "rain-blocking"?

The same brand of filter paper may not be the same material.

Consumers should try to find formal channels to buy.

After a full demonstration, the air filter manufacturer came to the conclusion that "non-solidified filter paper" can not be used in mechanical filter, but it is completely sufficient for air filter-of course, the price is much cheaper. Therefore, at present, you can easily find the versions of "non-solidified filter paper" and "solidified filter paper" at the same time, although they may be the same model products.

In fact, this truth is the same as tires: some Michelin tires made in Shanghai use 2-layer curtain wiring; The products of Shenyang factory with the same model and specifications are wired with 1 layer curtain. -Although they have different structures, they all meet the performance indicators stipulated by enterprises. Can you tell which is "genuine" and which is "fake"? We often read in the manual that "the parameters are subject to change without prior notice" actually means this.

No, it was publicly measured on the Internet. Didn’t the original air filter bought from the 4S shop "turn over the car" under iodophor? -In fact, nowadays, due to cost reasons, major air filter manufacturers have increased the output of "non-solidified paper" air filters (and this paper has less pressure on the environment during production and is easier to protect the environment).

So again, if you are afraid of encountering counterfeit goods, try to choose a reliable platform as much as possible. For example, the manufacturer’s own sales network or the well-known platforms officially authorized by the manufacturer are usually reliable. -finally, be naughty: nowadays, many white air filters are made of PP electrostatic cotton, and there is no starch. No matter whether it is true or not, iodine does not change color. How can I tell the difference? -Finally, I would like to advise those online celebrity big V: Make clear the context before releasing information, and don’t create pseudo-scientific remarks all day long just to catch your eye! !

　　[Pre-market performance]

　　() US stock news As of press time, Dow futures dominated by blue chips fell by 0.21%; S&P 500 index futures fell 0.24%; Nasdaq 100 index futures, which are dominated by technology stocks, fell 0.43%.

　　Popular Chinese stocks rose before the market.

　　European stock markets rose. As of press time, the German DAX index rose by 0.41%. The French CAC40 index rose by 0.32%; Britain’s FTSE 100 index fell 0.83%.

　　In terms of commodity foreign exchange, as of press time, Brent crude oil fell by 0.24% to $82.14/barrel.

　　[Financial News]

　　Oil prices fell slightly as investors waited for clues to cut interest rates in the United States

　　Although tensions in the Middle East have intensified, oil prices have fallen slightly due to the possibility that the Federal Reserve’s interest rate will remain high for a longer period of time and the weak demand outlook. Investors are now focusing on the minutes of the Fed meeting later to find more clues about this year’s interest rate cut plan. Goldman Sachs analysts said in a report: "Commodities have recently paid close attention to the market pricing fluctuations of the Fed’s interest rate cuts." After the inflation data released earlier this month was higher than expected, the market postponed the expectation of early interest rate cut, which will depress demand and bring downward pressure on prices.

　　[company news]

　　SolarEdge fell 15% before the market. Q4 revenue fell sharply year-on-year. Q1 revenue outlook for 24 years was worse than expected.

　　Solaredge, an Israeli photovoltaic inverter supplier, fell 15% to $71.99 before trading. In the news, SolarEdge lost $0.92 per share after adjustment in the fourth quarter, and analysts expected a loss of $1.30; Revenue in the fourth fiscal quarter was $316.0 million, significantly lower than $890.7 million in the same period last year; It is estimated that the revenue in the first fiscal quarter of 2004 will be 175-215 million dollars, and analysts expect 373.2 million dollars; It is estimated that the adjusted gross profit margin in the first fiscal quarter will be in the range of "down 3% to up 1%".

　　Glencore cut its profits in 2023.

　　Glencore announced a sharp drop in profits in 2023 and lowered its dividend. The data shows that Glencore’s core profit is $17.1 billion, which is about half of the record level a year ago, but it is still one of the best achievements in history.

　　Rio Tinto’s profit fell by 12% in 2023, and it is still facing the pressure of rising costs this year.

　　Rio Tinto announced on Wednesday that its basic profit in 2023 fell by 12% to $11.8 billion, and the market expected it to be $11.7 billion. The world’s largest iron ore producer said it would pay a dividend of $2.58 per share, compared with $2.25 per share last year.

　　Chuan Disney and Sony reached an agreement to cooperate in DVD and Blu-ray disc business.

　　According to informed sources, Disney has reached an agreement with Sony. According to the agreement, Sony will take over most of Disney’s DVD and Blu-ray disc sales in the United States and Canada, thus helping Disney get rid of this business that has fallen sharply in recent years.

　　It is said that western oil will sell WesternMidstream for $20 billion to reduce its debt.

　　According to a person familiar with the matter, Western Petroleum is considering selling WesternMidstream Partners, an American pipeline operator mainly based on natural gas, whose market value including debt is close to 20 billion US dollars.

　　Ford lowered the price of Mustang electric SUV to a maximum of $8,100.

　　Ford Motor Company said on Tuesday that it had lowered the price of its MustangMach-E Mustang electric SUV by up to $8,100 due to the sharp decline in sales in January.

Since the launch of the special campaign to crack down on online rumors, the network security department of the public security organs throughout the country has adhered to the problem orientation, adhered to the working idea of "opening the way and promoting governance by cracking down", and adhered to the combination of cracking down according to law and comprehensive rectification, and has always maintained a high-pressure situation against online rumors and achieved initial results. Up to now, the public security organs have investigated more than 1,600 cases of online rumors, cleared up more than 420,000 pieces of online rumor information, shut down or banned more than 10,000 online accounts that spread rumors and rumors, and investigated and punished netizens who spread rumors and rumors according to law. The Ministry of Public Security today announced the second batch of 10 typical cases of special operations.

In recent years, some self-media practitioners have fabricated and disseminated online rumors under the guise of social hot events, and some even openly wrote, directed and acted on the Internet, making false cases out of nothing, so as to attract powder and drain, and make illegal profits; Some website companies fail to implement the main responsibility of network security, allowing network rumors to spread widely on their platforms, causing adverse social impact; Some "network water army" gangs frequently intervene and maliciously speculate on related cases, and by fabricating and spreading false information, they "create hot spots", "rub heat" and "bring rhythm" to achieve the purposes of profit-making and extortion. Relevant illegal acts disrupt the order of cyberspace and social public order, which are not only suspected of violating the relevant provisions of the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment, but also may constitute crimes such as fabricating and spreading false information, provoking troubles and extortion.

The relevant person in charge of the Network Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security said that the network security department of the public security organ will always adhere to the people-centered development thought, closely combine with the study and implementation of the theme education of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, continue to further promote the special action to crack down on and rectify network rumors, resolutely curb the high-frequency trend of network rumors, effectively create a clear network space, and safeguard national political security and overall social stability. At the same time, please keep in mind that "the Internet is not a place of extra-legality", strictly abide by relevant laws and regulations, consciously regulate personal online words and deeds, and achieve "don’t believe in rumors, don’t spread rumors, and work together to maintain cyberspace order.

The second batch of 10 typical cases of public security organs cracking down on and rectifying network rumors

1, Shandong public security organs to detect Zhang Moumou and others extortion case.Since March, 2023, three people, including Zhang Moumou, Shandong Province, have operated a number of "Internet V" accounts (with millions of fans), specially fabricating and publishing false information about relevant units or individuals, and using multiple accounts to forward comments to each other for speculation, taking the opportunity to extort money from the injured units and individuals, seriously disrupting public order and causing adverse social impact. According to the investigation by the public security organs in Liaocheng, Shandong Province, it has been verified that the gang committed seven crimes. At present, the public security organs have taken criminal compulsory measures against three suspects.

2. Guangdong public security organs investigated and dealt with Chen’s online rumor case of "being kidnapped for a ransom of 500,000 yuan" according to law.In April, 2023, in order to attract traffic and quickly increase his popularity, Chen in Guangdong wrote, directed and performed a video of "I was kidnapped" and the kidnapper "demanded a ransom of 500,000 yuan" in a certain place in Shenzhen, Guangdong. After the release of related videos, it quickly triggered a large-scale spread, seriously disrupting public order and causing adverse social impact. After investigation by the public security organs in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, Chen confessed to the illegal act. At present, the public security organs have taken criminal compulsory measures against Chen in accordance with the law, and taken gag measures against his rumored online account.

3. Hunan public security organs shall impose administrative penalties on a short video platform that fails to fulfill the obligation of network information security management and causes widespread spread of network rumors.In April, 2023, a piece of rumor information that has been officially rumored spread widely on a short video platform in Hunan, with a cumulative broadcast of more than 2.06 million times and forwarded and shared more than 83,000 times, causing adverse social impact. According to the investigation by the public security organs in Changsha, Hunan Province, the short video platform has spread widely because of the imperfect network security management system. At present, according to the relevant provisions of the Cyber Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, the public security organs have imposed an administrative penalty of ordering rectification and an administrative fine of 100,000 yuan on the short video platform.

4. Jilin public security organs investigated and dealt with online rumors such as "son-in-law killed his wife’s family because of family conflicts" fabricated by Song.In May, 2023, Song of Jilin made up and published rumors on the online platform, such as "the son-in-law killed his wife’s family of three because of family conflicts" and "the man came back to petition to kill the village official’s family of six". The related rumors spread in a certain range in the local area, causing adverse social impact and disrupting social public order. Song accumulated more than 100,000 people through the above rumors. After investigation by the public security organs in Siping, Jilin, Song confessed to the illegal act. At present, the public security organs have imposed administrative detention on Song for 7 days according to law, and taken measures to shut down his rumored online account.

5. Heilongjiang public security organs investigated and dealt with Chen’s online rumor case of "three people were killed in a serial murder case in the community" according to law.In May, 2023, in order to gain attention and attract traffic, Chen Moumou of Heilongjiang Province made up and published the rumor information that "three people died in a serial homicide in a community" on a network platform, knowing that "two people were slightly injured in a fight in a community in Qitaihe, Heilongjiang Province", which caused adverse social impact and disrupted social public order. After investigation by the public security organs of Qitaihe River in Heilongjiang Province, Chen confessed to the illegal act. At present, the public security organs have imposed administrative penalties on Chen in accordance with the law and taken measures to shut down his rumored online account.

6. The public security organs in Yunnan and Henan investigated and dealt with the online rumor case that Zhao Moumou and Cao Moumou fabricated "Female online celebrity went to North Myanmar to show her love and was threatened not to return to China".In May, 2023, Zhao Moumou in Jilin (72,000 fans) and Cao Moumou in Henan (952,000 fans) made up and published rumors such as "online celebrity, a female from Henan, was stranded in North Myanmar to show her love" and "People can’t go back to China in Myanmar" when they were broadcast live on a short video platform in Ruili, Yunnan. The rumor information was widely forwarded, causing adverse social impact. After investigation by public security organs in Yunnan and Henan, Zhao and Cao confessed to the illegal acts. At present, the public security organs have imposed administrative detention on Zhao Moumou and Cao Moumou respectively according to law, and have taken measures to shut down their rumored online accounts.

7. Inner Mongolia public security organs investigated and dealt with Wang’s fabrication according to law: "On the day of the college entrance examination, students were killed!" Internet rumor case.In June 2023, in order to gain attention, suck powder and drain, and earn commissions, Wang of Inner Mongolia fabricated and published "On the day of the college entrance examination, students were killed!" The rumor information has caused a certain range of spread and spread, causing adverse effects. After investigation by Tongliao Public Security Bureau in Inner Mongolia, Wang confessed to the illegal act. At present, the public security organs have imposed administrative detention on Wang for 10 days according to law, and taken measures to shut down his rumored online account.

8. Shanxi public security organs investigated and dealt with Tian Moumou’s online rumor case of "female kindergarten teachers feeding contraceptives to kindergarten boys" according to law.In June, 2023, in order to attract attention, Shanxi Tian Moumou fabricated and published the rumor information that "female kindergarten teachers feed contraceptives to kindergarten boys" on a website platform, which triggered a wide spread and caused adverse social impact. After investigation by the public security organs in Taiyuan, Shanxi, Tian confessed to the illegal act. At present, the public security organs have taken criminal compulsory measures against Tian Moumou according to law and taken measures to shut down his rumored online account.

9. Jiangsu public security organs investigated and dealt with Wu Moumou’s online rumor that "primary school students were killed by teachers" according to law.In June 2023, in order to gain attention, Jiangsu Wu Moumou fabricated and published the rumor information that "a fourth-grade student in a primary school died unfortunately and was killed by a teacher" on the online platform, which triggered widespread spread and caused adverse social impact. After investigation by the public security organs in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, Wu confessed to the illegal act. At present, the public security organs have taken criminal compulsory measures against Wu Moumou according to law and taken measures to shut down his rumored online account.

10. Zhejiang public security organs cracked the case of Zhang Moumou and others fabricating online rumors for illegal profit.In June, 2023, a science and technology network company used a large number of online platform accounts purchased to automatically generate false videos by using artificial intelligence software, and fabricated and published 21 pieces of rumor information such as "A major fire broke out in Shangyu Chemical Plant in Shaoxing" on the online platform, and related rumors were played more than 1.61 million times. According to the investigation by the public security organs in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Zhang Moumou, the legal person, Chen Moumou, the shareholder, and Tang Moumou, the employee of the technology network company, confessed to the illegal acts. At present, the public security organs have taken criminal compulsory measures against Zhang Moumou and other three people according to law, seizing 21 electronic devices involved in the case and shutting down more than 300 online accounts for rumors.

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