The original Expo center created by Puyuan Sweater Innovation Park. Our reporter Li Zheshe

　　Corner of Puyuan Sweater Innovation Park. Our reporter Li Zheshe

　　The car stopper operates an integrated seamless machine in the intelligent weaving workshop. Our reporter Li Zheshe

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　　Not long ago, the United States imposed new tariff measures on Chinese exports, including the textile industry. As an "ancient" traditional industry, the profit margin of textile industry is limited. Does the increase of tariffs have a great impact on enterprises? In Zhejiang Jiaxing Puyuan Sweater Innovation Park, a number of foreign trade enterprises not only solved the risks caused by tariff increase, but also gained more customers and orders by enhancing product competitiveness, expanding new global markets and improving their service capabilities to customers. Please follow the Economic Daily reporter into Puyuan Sweater Innovation Park to find out.

　　On the morning of September 8, there was a long queue in front of the omelet window of the cafeteria in the hotel of the town industrial park, among which there were many businessmen who spoke Japanese and Korean. Puyuan Town, a famous town of woolen sweaters in China, located in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, ushered in the purchasing season of woolen sweaters early.

　　A "small goal" of 100 million yuan

　　Products are competitive, and there is no business to do.

　　"My goal is at least 100 million!" Liang Wenmei is not Wang Jianlin. Four years ago, she just received her first foreign trade order — — 500 sweaters. For two years before, her foreign trade company didn’t make a penny. But in Liang Wenmei’s eyes, the company’s annual turnover reaches 100 million yuan, which is only a small goal.

　　More than 20 years ago, Liang Wenmei and Su Mingyuan, who just got married, left their hometown in Sichuan for Guangzhou with 300 yuan money, and began to struggle. They have knitted sweaters in factories, played with looms in rented houses and opened stalls in wholesale markets.

　　In 2005, Liang Wenmei was keenly aware that a group of customers suddenly appeared in the Guangzhou market. They spoke the same accent and picked up an amazing number of goods. After several inquiries, Liang Wenmei first heard the name of "Puyuan", a small town in Zhejiang. She immediately decided to leave the old market Guangzhou and go to the new market Puyuan to make a breakthrough in the world.

　　After opening a store in Puyuan for several years, Liang Wenmei, who loves tossing, has a new idea — — I want to do global business and sell sweaters to foreign countries. In 2013, Liang Wenmei took out all her possessions and established Zhejiang Kangying Clothing Co., Ltd., which specializes in foreign trade business.

　　However, Liang Wenmei, who has no foreign trade experience, has been drinking the northwest wind for two years.

　　The turnaround occurred in 2015. "I want to thank my first customer, who taught me how to do foreign trade business." At the Canton Fair that year, Liang Wenmei received the first order from Canada, 500 sweaters, amounting to more than 20,000 yuan. Liang Wenmei, who used to be a self-employed, didn’t know what a proforma invoice was and had never seen any formal forms. "I quickly save every email and every form sent by Canadian customers, and learn according to the appearance. This is how business is learned." Liang Wenmei said.

　　Soon, Liang Wenmei made her business in America. "In 2015, I received an order from American TJX company, which was also 500 pieces. This is a big brand. Later, we cooperated more and more. Now they give me large orders of more than 100,000 pieces a year, and the volume will definitely continue to increase in the future. " Liang Wenmei told reporters that since then, she has done more and more business with American customers. In the company’s turnover of 16 million yuan last year, American orders accounted for 60%.

　　When the reporter asked if he was worried about the customer’s stability and profit prospects in the face of the tariff increase, the hearty Liang Wenmei said loudly: "It doesn’t matter much to me to increase taxes, and I’m not worried. First of all, my products are unique in style, and I spend a lot of money on style development every year. It is difficult for Southeast Asian countries to make these styles, and American customers can’t change suppliers. "

　　It is precisely because her products do not follow the homogenization route and have strong competitiveness that Liang Wenmei has a strong voice when negotiating with customers. "Why don’t I worry? The second point is because all my foreign trade orders are based on ‘ FOB ’ Make a deal. In other words, I only need to send the goods to the port in Shanghai to complete the task. Prices such as freight and customs duties outside Shanghai port have nothing to do with me. " Liang Wenmei said.

　　So, who will bear the new tariff cost? Will American merchants reduce their orders for the coming year because of lower profits? "They had to raise prices, and finally American consumers bought the bill for tariffs." Liang Wenmei told reporters that her American customers have not only lost one, but also added a lot. In the first half of this year, her company even achieved an impressive performance of 80% year-on-year.

　　On August 13th, at the clothing exhibition in Las Vegas, Liang Wenmei gained unprecedented benefits. "Merchants are very interested in my products. There are many customers who place orders and take samples on the spot. My email response rate has reached 50% for the first time. It is expected that five or six companies will be transformed into long-term customers." Liang Wenmei said with a smile: "When I was working in a bank this morning, I received a phone call from the United States, saying that I would come to our company to see the products in October, which is very promising for cooperation."

　　In this regard, Liang Wenmei, who loves tossing, is not satisfied, and the new plan has broken ground. In order to get closer to customers, Liang Wenmei just registered a branch in Los Angeles last month, so that she can open up a bigger market in the United States.

　　"The market is so big, no matter what friction happens, as long as the products are good and there is no business to do. I believe that the small goal of 100 million yuan can be achieved in a short time. " Liang Wenmei laughed and told reporters: "Everything is just the beginning!"

　　Three Japanese customers came in a week.

　　Open up new markets and take the brand development route.

　　A sweater, tossed and turned, can’t find a seam. In the sample room of Jiaxing Gorgeous Sweater Technology Development Co., Ltd., the reporter found that the sweater here can be worn on both sides, because there are no seams on the inside and outside of the clothes.

　　Walking into the intelligent weaving workshop of Puyuan Sweater Innovation Park, the reporter understood the reason. "In traditional knitting, two sleeves and front and back are knitted by a flat knitting machine, and then the four sweater pieces are sewn up by the looper manually, and naturally there will be seams. With the most advanced integrated seamless machine, as long as the plate maker writes the program and the wool is connected, the machine can weave a complete sweater without a seam. After ironing the packaging, it can be shipped directly. " Shen Xiaoqi, general manager of Gorgeous Sweater Company, told the reporter.

　　The absence of seams is just one of the advantages of this machine. "Because of the elimination of manual looping, the use of all-in-one machine can save labor costs, shorten production time, and more importantly, avoid the impact of manual operation on quality uniformity, and the added value of products can be increased by about one-third." Shen Xiaoqi pointed to the sweaters in the sample room and said, "The sweaters produced by these all-in-one machines can sell for more than 1,000 yuan or even more than 2,000 yuan in shopping malls."

　　Good machines, naturally good prices. The price of this German brand all-in-one machine is as high as 580,000 yuan. Coupled with the high salary introduction and training of plate makers and car stoppers, a large-scale workshop needs at least tens of millions of yuan of investment.

　　"This investment is very worthwhile. My new clothes are very popular in the Japanese market and have received many orders." Shen Xiaoqi told reporters that in a few days, she will take these samples to Europe to see the market reaction.

　　Shen Xiaoqi, with a baby face, has entered the sweater foreign trade industry for almost 10 years. In the first few years, the orders she received were mainly from American supermarkets such as Wal-Mart, and most of them were "running orders". These orders were large in quantity, thin in profit and very sensitive to price. Later, with the increase of domestic labor costs and raw material prices, such orders were gradually transferred to Bangladesh, Vietnam, Cambodia and other countries.

　　In 2015, Shen Xiaoqi began to set up an R&D team, recruited designers and invested in established houses, bid farewell to the era of "price war" and turned to make a fuss about product quality. While slowly giving up the "running order" in the United States, Shen Xiaoqi has won many "small but refined" high-quality orders in new markets such as Japan and Italy, and the profit margin has also been improved.

　　"At present, the proportion of American orders of our company has dropped to more than ten percent. The increase in tariffs in the United States this time has an impact on us, but it can be tolerated. " Shen Xiaoqi told reporters that after learning the news of the tariff increase, she communicated with American customers, but the result was not satisfactory, and the other party asked her to bear most of the tariff costs.

　　"Fortunately, we have already begun to transform, upgrade product grades and develop emerging markets. Just this week, three Japanese customers came to our company to choose samples, and all of them were interested in products with higher added value. " According to Shen Xiaoqi, the turnover of Gorgeous Sweater Company was about 60 million yuan last year. Although some orders will be affected by the US tariff increase this year, fortunately, the share and profit margin of other markets are constantly improving, so it is expected that the operating income this year will not fall, but will be the same as last year.

　　While constantly developing new foreign trade markets, Shen Xiaoqi also turned his eyes to China. "The domestic market and the foreign trade market are completely different. To do foreign trade OEM, it is only necessary to produce according to the requirements of the order, and there is no need to directly face consumers. Doing domestic sales puts higher demands on brand, design and service capabilities. " Shen Xiaoqi said that with the transformation experience in previous years, she became more and more confident in her products. Last year, she registered two brands and was ready to start to deepen the domestic market and take the brand development route.

　　At lunch time, Shen Xiaoqi was not idle. She and her sister who came back from studying in Milan, Italy, kept pointing at the screen of their mobile phones and studied how their online stores could be improved to impress consumers with their products and brands.

　　"I won’t do it at this price."

　　Role change brings about the improvement of discourse power and bargaining power.

　　Near noon, Shen Qiang sat in the boss’s chair and looked out. The floor-to-ceiling window was bright and open, and his mood was more comfortable. In 2016, he founded Tongxiang Xindishang Fashion Co., Ltd., with a turnover of 11 million yuan in that year, which soared to 43 million yuan in the second year and doubled again in the third year, reaching 97 million yuan. In the first eight months of this year, the company’s revenue has already exceeded 100 million yuan.

　　This "rocket-like" performance is really surprising. With questions, the reporter walked into Shen Qiang’s company. The open space is full of plastic models dressed in fashion and design drawings on the wall, revealing a strong fashion atmosphere.

　　"Market fluctuations are not so terrible, and we have the strength to choose quality customers." Shen Qiang told reporters that before 2016, when he worked in other foreign trade companies, he mainly received low-priced orders from the United States, and the gross profit margin was even as low as 5%. "At that time, the company lacked the ability to develop products, and completely produced according to the order. In order to earn 50 cents more and 1 yuan money, it took huge risks, and it was possible to do business at a loss with a little trouble. If there is trade friction at that time, there must be many bankrupt companies. "

　　Seeing this, when he set up his own company, Shen Qiang resolutely refused to accept low-quality orders, but relied on "directional design". Different from the original design, "directional design" emphasizes more on the service ability to customers.

　　"For a big customer, we will have a team of at least 10 people. As long as the customer puts forward the directional demand, we will combine the latest fashion trends and propose a variety of design schemes, including styles, colors and materials selection. " Shen Qiang said that they extended from the downstream production link to the field of market research and design, so that they became not only a simple OEM role, but also a partner of customers.

　　The foundry can be replaced at any time, and the partner is not easy to find. The change of role has brought about the improvement of the right to speak and bargain. "The original way of sampling, proofing, quotation and production is completely in the hands of customers. Now, we have become participants in many links, and the right to speak has naturally improved. If the other party gives me a lower price, I can say rudely: ‘ I won’t do it at this price ’ 。” Shen Qiang told reporters.

　　Apparel industry seems to be traditional, but it requires quick response and innovation most. Fashion styles are fleeting, and the update speed is extremely fast. If you can’t respond quickly in design and production, you can’t talk about competitiveness. "Take my customer ZARA as an example. It is a typical example of fashion and quick sales. If it takes a month or two to make a sample dress like in the past, all the trends have passed, and the price is lower, the other party will not cooperate." Shen Qiang said that relying on the local complete industrial chain and strong service ability, his company can produce sample clothes for customers to choose within one day at the earliest.

　　"Unlike Chinese enterprises, the production cycle of enterprises in Southeast Asian countries is relatively long. First of all, in terms of raw materials, Southeast Asian countries generally only prepare conventional yarns, and most of the yarns, especially fashion yarns, have to be imported from China, which will increase a lot of transportation time. Secondly, the management level and worker efficiency of our company are significantly higher. " Shen Qiang said that this is also an irreplaceable important reason for China’s textile industry.

　　Practice your own skills and turn risks into invisibility. "The advantage of our company is here, and the country’s tax reduction and fee reduction are also great, and Sino-US economic and trade frictions have little impact. The original delivery date of the American order was September. After receiving the news of the tariff increase, the customer informed us to deliver the goods in advance, instead of shipping by sea, the extra freight was borne by the other party. In the end, it is still American consumers who pay this money. It is estimated that clothes that originally sold for $10 will rise to $11. " Shen Qiang said.

　　"But for ordinary processing plants that fight price wars, the impact will be great, and they can’t afford the new tariffs. If American importers are hit by tariffs to poor management or even bankruptcy, resulting in malicious discounts or cancellation of orders, the risk is even greater. " Shen Qiang believes that this is actually a reshuffle and a wake-up call to the industry. If backward production capacity with poor management, high energy consumption and no core competitiveness is eliminated, the whole industry will embark on a higher quality development path.

According to the news of "Beijing Haidian Market Supervision" WeChat WeChat official account on August 3, from July 10 to July 27, 2022, Haidian District Market Supervision Administration continued to carry out food and beverage safety inspections, and investigated and dealt with 18 food and beverage stores in Haidian District according to law. The investigation situation is as follows:

1. Yi Jiaren (Beijing) Catering Management Co., Ltd. Second Branch

(Name of signboard: None)

There is a problem that the kitchen environment is unclean, which violates the provisions of Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Item (13) of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

2. Beijing Shanshi Kunpeng Catering Center

(Name of signboard: None)

There is a problem of not establishing and observing the incoming inspection record system according to the regulations, which violates the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 53 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of item 3 of paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

3. Beijing Hongyunhai Catering Service Co., Ltd.

(signboard name: Mrs. Hao porridge)

There is a problem of operating hot food beyond the scope, which violates the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 27 of the Measures for the Administration of Food Business License. According to the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 49 of the Measures for the Administration of Food Business License, it shall be ordered to make corrections and given a warning.

4. Beijing Zhenguo Zhixian Catering Management Co., Ltd.

(Name of signboard: Fruit Fishing)

There is a problem of failing to publicize the health certificates of employees, which violates the provisions of Article 14 of the Regulations on the Management of Small-scale Food Production and Operation in Beijing. According to the provisions of Article 28 of the Regulations on the Management of Small-scale Food Production and Operation in Beijing, it is ordered to make corrections within a time limit.

5. Beijing Zhenguo Zhixian Catering Management Co., Ltd.

(Signboard name: camel barbecue)

There are problems such as poor sanitation on the ground, raw material rough machining and kitchen utensils cleaning directly on the ground, mixed rough machining pools, and damage to the sink in the cold food special room. It is ordered to suspend business for rectification and resume business after the rectification is completed.

6. Beijing Fuchangwen Catering Management Center

(Name of signboard: Jingmailong)

There are problems such as poor sanitation in the operation room, failure to wash kitchen utensils according to regulations, and rough machining of raw materials on the cleaning pool, and it is ordered to suspend business for rectification, and resume business after the rectification is completed.

7. Burning Season (Beijing) Catering Co., Ltd.

(Signature Name: Burning Season Hot Spicy Dip)

The problem of storing raw materials and stacking them on the ground shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification and resume business after the rectification is completed.

8. Yu Yingxiang Hardware and Building Materials Store, Shangzhuang Town, Haidian District, Beijing

(Name of signboard: Shanxi Daoxiao Noodles)

There is a problem of not establishing and observing the incoming inspection record system according to the regulations, which violates the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 53 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of item 3 of paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

9. Beijing Xia Xiang Xie Hou Catering Management Co., Ltd.

(Signboard Name: Shrimp Enjoy Crab Meet)

There is a problem of failing to clean up the food beyond the shelf life in time, which violates the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 54 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC). According to the provisions of Article 132 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

10. Beijing Xiangyue Dongting farmhouse cuisine cookshop

(Name of signboard: Dongting Lake Maojiacai)

There is a problem that the kitchen environment is unclean, which violates the provisions of Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Item (13) of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

11. Beijing Ba Uemon Catering Management Co., Ltd.

(signboard name: drunken tiger biography)

There is a problem of failing to store food as required, which violates the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 54 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC). According to the provisions of Article 132 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

12. Chuanshi (Beijing) Catering Management Co., Ltd.

(Signboard name: Porridge Emperor Hong Kong-style Tea Restaurant for ten years to cook a bowl of porridge)

There is a problem that the kitchen environment is unclean, which violates the provisions of Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Item (13) of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

13. Beijing Pizza Hut Pizza Co., Ltd. Wudaokou Restaurant

(Signboard name: Pizza Hut)

There is a problem that the kitchen environment is unclean, which violates the provisions of Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Item (13) of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

14. Shuangqing Road Restaurant of Beijing Pizza Hut Pizza Co., Ltd.

(Signboard name: Pizza Hut)

There is a problem that the kitchen environment is unclean, which violates the provisions of Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Item (13) of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

15. Beijing Pizza Hut Pizza Co., Ltd. Weigongcun Restaurant

(Signboard name: Pizza Hut)

The suspected use of food raw materials beyond the shelf life violated the provisions of Item (3) of Paragraph 1 of Article 34 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and was put on file for investigation.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

16. Bimai BHP Billiton (Beijing) Catering Management Co., Ltd. Haidian Branch

(Signboard name: Pizza Hut)

There is water accumulated on the floor of the decontamination room, and there is water leakage at the joint between the sewer pipe of the decontamination tank and the oil mist separator, which violates the provisions of Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 and Item (1) of Article 56 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Item (13) and Item (5) of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is ordered to make corrections and give a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

17. Beijing Pizza Hut Pizza Co., Ltd. Baishiqiao Restaurant

(Signboard name: Pizza Hut)

There is no distinguishing mark between the container for storing garbage (egg shells) and the food container on the operating table; Tableware to be used after disinfection is stored without cleaning facilities, which violates the provisions of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 and Item 5 of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Regulations for the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, Article 70, Paragraph 1 of Article 126 and Item 5 of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it shall be ordered to make corrections and given a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

18. Beijing Pizza Hut Pizza Co., Ltd. Space Bridge Restaurant

(Signboard name: Pizza Hut)

There is no distinguishing mark between the container for storing garbage (waste scraps) in the cold dish room and the food container; Tableware to be used after disinfection is stored without cleaning facilities, which violates the provisions of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 and Item 5 of Paragraph 1 of Article 33 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law. According to the provisions of Regulations for the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, Article 70, Paragraph 1 of Article 126 and Item 5 of Paragraph 1 of Article 126 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it shall be ordered to make corrections and given a warning.

At the same time, according to the provisions of Article 26 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Food Safety in Online Catering Services, the online business activities of the enterprise on the ordering platform were immediately stopped.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the National Development and Reform Commission, on October 1st, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Notice on Carrying out Key Price Inspections in Urban Water Supply, Gas Supply, Heating and Telecommunications. On December 19th, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Supervision of Heating Price in Winter to Effectively Protect the People from Winter, and deployed price authorities at all levels to carry out key price inspections in the field of gas supply and heating in China. The inspection found that some gas supply and heating enterprises do not implement government pricing or government-guided prices, and collect fees in engineering renovation and installation. Local price departments have dealt with the problems found out according to law. The penalties for some illegal enterprises are as follows:

　　1. shangzhi city Zhongxin Thermal Power Company of Heilongjiang Province repeatedly charged the heating network project fee.According to the investigation, in September 2017, shangzhi city Zhongxin Thermal Power Company of Heilongjiang Province charged the 25 yuan/m2 heating network project fee for 102 households who had paid the network access fee to Kang ‘an Heating Property Company in the process of grid-connected transformation of shangzhi city central heating network, with a total charge of 361,200 yuan. The competent price department of shangzhi city, Heilongjiang Province investigated and dealt with the illegal price of the company, ordered the company to refund all the overcharged price of 361,200 yuan to the users, and imposed a fine of 541,900 yuan.

　　2. Zhejiang Haiyan Natural Gas Co., Ltd. raised the price of natural gas without authorization.From November 28th, 2016 to July 25th, 2017, Haiyan Natural Gas Co., Ltd. arbitrarily raised the sales price of natural gas for non-residents, which should be 2.79 yuan/m3, and actually implemented 3 yuan/m3, with a total sales of 1,972,400 m3. The price department of Haiyan County ordered the company to immediately correct the price violations and refund the overcharged price totaling 401,900 yuan.

　　Third, the local natural gas supply station of Xuanhan Hexin Natural Gas Co., Ltd. in Xuanhan County, Sichuan Province increased the price of natural gas in disguise.During the period from January 2016 to October 2017, the Tuzhu Natural Gas Supply Station of Xuanhan Hexin Natural Gas Co., Ltd. charged users the price of natural gas. For those users who were not included in the domestic garbage disposal fee for urban residents, they overcharged 0.2 yuan residents’ domestic garbage disposal fee per cubic meter, which increased the price of natural gas in disguise, and sold a total of 1,581,300 cubic meters of civil natural gas, with an overcharge amount of 316,200 yuan. The price department of Xuanhan County investigated and ordered the company to refund the overcharged price of 316,200 yuan to users.

　　4. Hengyuan Gas Station in Caoxian County, Shandong Province arbitrarily raised the price of CNG natural gas.From November 27, 2017 to November 30, 2017, Caoxian Hengyuan Gas Station sold a total of 1,098.33 cubic meters of CNG natural gas for vehicles, which should be 4.89 yuan/cubic meter, and actually implemented 5.5 yuan/cubic meter, with an extra charge of 0.61 yuan per cubic meter, with a total overcharge of 669.98 yuan. The competent price department of Cao County ordered the filling station to immediately correct the above-mentioned illegal acts and confiscate the illegal income.

　　In addition, in order to maintain the price competition order in the natural gas market and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, according to the report, the Price Supervision, Inspection and Anti-monopoly Bureau of the National Development and Reform Commission began to investigate the suspected violation of the anti-monopoly law by 17 enterprises including Daqing Branch of China Petroleum and Natural Gas Co., Ltd.

　　After entering the winter, the consumption of natural gas has increased rapidly, and the transformation of heating projects is also in progress, and some behaviors that infringe on the interests of the people have occurred from time to time. The National Development and Reform Commission requires local price authorities to continue to take effective measures, highlight key inspection points, and urge relevant enterprises and units to strictly implement the relevant national price policies. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen price supervision and anti-monopoly law enforcement in the field of gas supply and heating, find and investigate cases that infringe on the interests of the masses, and publicly expose serious cases of price violations through the news media.

　　□ Our reporter Wang Chun

　　□ Our correspondent Wu You Jiang Jie

　　Recently, the Education Bureau of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province issued an announcement on soliciting opinions on the implementation measures for the withdrawal mechanism of teachers in primary and secondary schools (kindergartens) in Ningbo (draft for comments). The core essence is "to quit the teachers who fail to take up their posts, fail to pass the examination, violate the teachers’ ethics or are incompetent (insist) in teaching posts for other reasons."

　　A stone stirs up a thousand waves. The solicitation of opinions triggered a heated discussion in the society. Many netizens commented that this move would break the tenure system and teachers would no longer be "iron rice bowls".

　　In fact, this move by Ningbo Education Bureau is not the first, and several withdrawal situations mentioned in the opinion draft are those who have long been qualified as "unqualified teachers’ morality" by the Ministry of Education. At the same time, the opinion draft puts forward that "strictly implement the system of prohibiting criminals from working, purify the campus environment and effectively protect minors", which is an extension and landing of the idea of "Opinions on Implementing the System of Prohibiting Working" issued by the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the Ministry of Education.

　　The reporter of "Rule of Law Daily" noticed that building a firewall of rule of law for the healthy growth of minors is an area deeply cultivated by the procuratorial organs in Ningbo in recent years. Its joint education, public security and other departments have implemented detailed relevant systems, forming a strong synergy to protect minors in the city.

　　Pre-query of illegal behavior

　　Intercept potential risks on campus

　　In the exposure draft, the reporter saw: "Teachers who are punished by public security management or sentenced to punishment according to law for sexual assault, abuse, trafficking, violent injury, indecency, drug abuse, prostitution, whoring, gambling and other illegal and criminal acts that may endanger students’ physical and mental health should be dismissed by the school."

　　The basis of this work is the "Inquiring Methods of Criminal Records of Sexual Offences of Employees in Close Contact with Minors in Ningbo" (hereinafter referred to as "the Measures") issued by Ningbo Municipal People’s Procuratorate in December 2019 in conjunction with 12 units including Ningbo Communist Youth League Committee, Municipal Public Security Bureau, Municipal Intermediate People’s Court, Municipal Education Bureau and Civil Affairs Bureau. The Measures was formally implemented on January 1, 2020.

　　The "Measures" propose that close contact with the minor industry includes units, organizations and institutions that have special responsibilities such as guardianship, education, training, rescue, nursing and medical care for minors; Industry personnel include teachers, trainers, coaches, nurses, doctors and other staff who have special responsibilities directly to minors, as well as other staff who are in close contact with minors to facilitate their work.

　　According to statistics, since the implementation of the Measures, Ningbo has inquired about nearly 130,000 people, including on-the-job teaching staff and teachers of training institutions, and found that 12 people have criminal records. The procuratorial organs in Ningbo issued procuratorial suggestions to functional departments and adopted them, effectively blocking the potential risks of campus safety and promoting the improvement of campus safety prevention and control construction.

　　In May, 2020, the People’s Procuratorate of Yuyao found that one of the 23 new recruits who applied for employment in a school in Yuyao had an administrative punishment record for molesting students.

　　After preliminary investigation, Yuyao City Procuratorate immediately obtained its administrative punishment decision, personal resume, application registration form and other related materials, and quickly found out that the person had been administratively punished for molesting two underage girls during his tenure at a school outside Yuyao City.

　　"After discovering this clue, in view of the problem that the education authorities failed to revoke the teacher qualification certificate in time after the person was administratively punished, we issued a procuratorial suggestion to the Ningbo Municipal Education Bureau through the Ningbo Procuratorate, suggesting that it urge the education bureau of a certain district in Ningbo to revoke the teacher qualification certificate of this person." The prosecutor in charge said that at the same time, clues were transferred to the problem that the public security organs imposed too light administrative punishment on the personnel. At present, the person was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment according to law for child molestation.

　　Implement the mandatory reporting system

　　Build a protective wall for students

　　In a case of alleged indecency recently handled by the People’s Procuratorate of Xiangshan County, Ningbo City, the suspect was prosecuted and the class teacher was held accountable for failing to fulfill the mandatory reporting system.

　　One day in March 2022, five female students from a primary school in Xiangshan County walked into a nearby police station to report that they had been molested by their teacher Hu Moumou. The juvenile prosecutor of Xiangshan County Procuratorate quickly rushed to the police station and intervened in the case in advance.

　　From the facts told by the female students, the prosecutor caught that the class teacher and the school where she works may have failed to fulfill the compulsory reporting obligation, and guided the public security organs to seize the obscene written materials written by the victims at the first time. After finding out the facts, Xiangshan County Procuratorate filed a public prosecution against Hu Moumou for allegedly molesting children, and the court sentenced him to 12 years in prison.

　　Although the case has been completed, the prosecutor’s physical and mental protection for minors has continued. On March 24th, Xiangshan County Procuratorate issued a procuratorial proposal, urging the education department to give corresponding punishment to the teachers who failed to fulfill the compulsory reporting obligations and the schools where they work, and requiring the education department to include the implementation of the compulsory reporting system in the annual assessment of schools. The rewards and punishments must be clearly defined in the detailed rules and the relevant responsibilities must be implemented to people. The education department attached great importance to the procuratorial proposal, specially convened a party committee to discuss the matter, adjusted the assessment indicators of the school’s developmental management by objectives within one week, and added "schools that did not incorporate the mandatory reporting system into the assessment indicators of the management by objectives, and implemented a one-vote veto system in the annual assessment" in the "veto item".

　　At the initiative of the procuratorial organs, all the teachers and staff of primary and secondary schools in Xiangshan County signed a total of 9142 letters of commitment to fulfill the obligation of compulsory reporting, ensuring that the compulsory reporting system was implemented. In May 2022, the Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Education Department respectively imposed disciplinary and political sanctions on the relevant responsible personnel.

　　In response to the social management loopholes in the protection of minors found in the handling of cases, Xiangshan County Procuratorate, together with the county public security bureau and the county education bureau, issued the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Compulsory Reporting System for Infringement of Minors in Xiangshan County (for Trial Implementation)", taking "three aspects (full investigation of the compulsory reporting of sexual assault cases, full coverage of the signing of the commitment letter of the compulsory reporting system, and full inclusion of the compulsory reporting system in the assessment)" as the starting point, to promote the implementation of the compulsory reporting system and build a protective wall to prevent minors from being infringed.

　　Go into the campus and strengthen the popularization of law

　　Improve the quality and effectiveness of judicial protection

　　In Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, there is an unchecked team of "Seven-color Flowers". At present, seven members are all women, and they strive to bloom and dispel the haze in children’s hearts.

　　Starting from the physical and mental characteristics of minors, the "seven-color flower" unchecked team pioneered a one-stop place and case-handling mode of "integration of prosecutors and police and cooperation between prosecutors and doctors" in the country. The environment of the "one-stop" protection workstation for minors in the hospital is secret and warm, and the resources of all parties are fully utilized to realize the one-time inquiry, evidence collection and inspection of minor victims, so as to avoid "secondary harm".

　　In March, 2021, Ningbo Procuratorate, together with seven units including Ningbo Insurance Office, Municipal Public Security Bureau and Municipal Health and Health Commission, explored the mode of "cooperation between doctors and prosecutors", using the law enforcement case management center of public security organs to open up special case-handling areas, designate special case-handling personnel, implement special rescue teams, and complete the inquiry, physical examination and psychological counseling of underage victims in one stop. At present, the city has built nine "one-stop" protection centers for handling cases.

　　The procuratorial organs at the two levels in Ningbo adopt the principle of minimum tolerance and maximum protection against minors, and accurately and effectively punish crimes against minors. According to statistics, since 2020, the procuratorial organs in Ningbo have approved the arrest of 505 suspects and prosecuted 646 people.

　　At the same time, the procuratorial organs in Ningbo went into the campus to popularize the law and enhance the awareness of the rule of law among minors.

　　It is reported that 178 procuratorial police officers, including 11 chief procurators, have been employed as vice presidents of the rule of law in the procuratorial organs of Ningbo City and conducted publicity on the rule of law. Since 2021, more than 622 lectures on the rule of law with various forms and rich contents have been held online and offline, covering more than 210,000 parents of teachers and students, which has enhanced the concept of the rule of law of teachers and students at school.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Ningbo Procuratorate, Ningbo has conscientiously implemented the "No.1 Procuratorial Proposal" in the procuratorial work of minors, and under the guidance of the concept of maximizing the interests of minors, it has paid equal attention to handling cases, supervision, prevention and education, combined punishment with assistance and education, organically integrated protection, education and control, and continuously promoted the two-way, comprehensive and comprehensive judicial protection of minors. At the same time, it has adhered to the combination of specialized handling cases and socialized protection, and actively promoted the systematic support of social support.

According to foreign media reports, NASA said that five asteroids will pass by the earth in the future, and one of them may be very close to the earth. It is reported that the smallest diameter of these asteroids is only 8 meters and the largest is 90 meters, and lular distance from the Earth will be as short as five distance to the moon.

Image source network

A distance to the moon refers to the distance between the earth and the moon, which is about 238,900 miles (384,000 kilometers). It sounds like a long distance, but it is a very close distance in the vast space, and they will pass by the edge of the earth. Fortunately, the closest asteroid to the earth this time is smaller in diameter and will not pose too much threat to the earth.

Where are the asteroids?

Asteroids are celestial bodies in the solar system that move around the sun like planets, but are much smaller in size and mass than planets. Most of them are influenced by the gravitational force of the sun and Jupiter, and they gather in the asteroid-intensive area between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. According to the statistics of 120,437 asteroids that have been numbered, this hotbed of asteroid "life" is composed of more than 500,000 asteroids. So many of them are called "main belt" and many people are used to calling it "asteroid belt".

Figure: Asteroid belt

The so-called "near-earth asteroids" can be understood very well just by looking at the literal meaning. "Near-earth" means that their orbits are very close to the earth, and they are a special group that deviates from the main belt.

Dangerous asteroid

According to analysis, only asteroids with a diameter of more than 140 meters and a minimum distance from the Earth of less than 0.05 astronomical unit (about 7.4 million kilometers) will be included in the list of dangerous asteroids.

According to the latest release of the website of the International Asteroid Center, researchers have discovered 1,640 "potentially threatening near-Earth asteroids" through global joint survey.

History of asteroid impact on the earth

As early as 65 million years ago, dinosaurs, a large animal that dominated the earth for 150 million years, suddenly disappeared. Astronomers speculate that there are two possible reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs: first, the explosion of supernovae, which is equivalent to about 10.24 hydrogen bombs, led to the extinction of dinosaurs; The second is asteroid impact. In 1978, American astronomer Luis Alvarez speculated that an asteroid hit Iceland, and this impact was equivalent to the energy of 1 trillion tons of TNT. Such a violent impact led to the disappearance of dinosaurs.

In addition, on June 30, 1908, a huge flash of light lit up the sky in the Tunguska River Basin in Shiquan, krasnoyarskiy kray, Siberia, followed by a violent explosion equivalent to 1,000 atomic bombs. A mushroom-like cloud of smoke soared 12 miles into the sky, and the scorching air billow swept the vast Taiga forest one after another, and hundreds of square kilometers of forest were destroyed in the explosion. This famous explosion was the Tunguska Big Bang.

Photo: Tunguska Big Bang data

In addition, according to the latest research report of geoscientists from the Australian National University (ANU), at least three asteroids with a diameter of 20-50 kilometers collided with the earth 3.2 billion years ago, which greatly changed the structure and elemental composition of the earth’s surface.

In recent years, scientists predict that an asteroid named Apophis will pass by the Earth in 2029 and hit the Earth in 2036. If it hits the earth, it will generate energy equivalent to the explosion of 110,000 atomic bombs, which is equivalent to the instantaneous destruction of the whole city of new york and its surrounding areas. If it hits the ocean, it will cause a devastating tsunami, which is more violent than the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.

Apophis is one of nearly 800 potentially threatening asteroids known to astronomers.

Prevent collision and defend the earth

In order to cope with this possible impact, some people put forward a plan to destroy asteroids with nuclear weapons. However, all the accumulated nuclear weapons on the earth are only enough to blow up an asteroid with a diameter of 9 kilometers, and they have to hit the center accurately. In addition, the consequences of a nuclear explosion in the universe are unpredictable.

Therefore, people are also considering other plans to deal with asteroids, such as using lasers or lead ingots. NASA is going to lure Apophis away with a "gravity trailer" when it flies to the Earth in 2029. When the asteroid passes near the Earth in 2029, it only needs to launch a "gravity trailer" spacecraft weighing about 1 ton, which can change the orbit of this asteroid. According to astronomers’ calculations, Apophis will slightly change its orbit when it flies over the earth this time, but when it returns again in 2036, the possibility of colliding with the earth is very small, only 1 in 5,000.

Although the speculation about the extinction of dinosaurs makes the prediction of the impact of asteroids on the earth scary, with the development of science and technology, from not knowing what asteroids are to accurately understanding and then boldly predicting, the progress of civilization makes us believe in the power of science, and there must always be a perfect way to deal with this "uninvited guest".

The pictures and texts are produced by Popular Science China, and are authorized to be published in the column "Learning Science with Xiaobian" of CCTV. Please indicate the source for reprinting.

Produced by: Tianjin science and technology hall Xu Wen, Beijing Normal University Zhang Tongjie.

Producer: computer network information center

On further improving China’s mineral resources guarantee abilitySuggestions on supporting high-quality development

Sun Fengyue

【Jilin NLD WeChat WeChat official accountMineral resources are an important material basis for human survival and an important guarantee for national resource and energy security and economic and social development. Since the founding of New China, the CPC Central Committee has attached great importance to the exploration, development and utilization of mineral resources. Several generations of leaders have written inscriptions and given important instructions on mining development, which greatly promoted the healthy development of China’s mining industry and made outstanding contributions to the country’s economic and social construction. In 2006, the State Council promulgated the "Decision on Strengthening Geological Work" (Guo Fa 2006 (No.4)). In 2011, the General Office of the State Council forwarded the "Strategic Action Plan for Prospecting Breakthrough (2011-2020)" (Guo Ban Fa 2011 (No.57)) to four ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance. Major breakthroughs and achievements have been made in the exploration of important minerals, green exploration and the improvement of scientific and technological innovation ability in the field of geology and minerals, which has made important contributions to China’s economic and social construction. However, due to China’s huge population base, the per capita possession of important mineral resources in China is still significantly lower than the world average. The rapid development of China’s industrialization and urbanization, especially China’s industrial production ranked first in the world for 11 consecutive years, the demand for important mineral resources showed an obvious rigid upward trend, the domestic supply guarantee capacity was insufficient, and the dependence on foreign countries continued to rise. The dependence on foreign countries of more than 10 important minerals exceeded 50%. At present, the guarantee of mineral resources is still a major strategic issue facing China’s high-quality development in the new period.Under the guidance of the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, the implementation of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" and high-quality development put forward new and higher requirements for the improvement of China’s mineral resources security capacity. In order to further ensure China’s resource and energy security and promote sustainable and healthy economic and social development, the following specific suggestions are put forward:

1. Vigorously carry out green exploration, deep exploration and sea resource exploration of mineral resources.

The scientific assertion of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary has led China into a new era of green development. In order to solve the resource bottleneck and environmental problems in mineral exploration, green exploration has become an important path for mining development. At present, it is urgent to speed up the formulation of industry and national standards for green exploration on the basis of the group standard of Green Exploration Guide issued by China Mining Association in 2018, so as to guide and standardize mineral exploration, development and utilization activities in China under the new situation.

Deep mineral resources have great potential. Increasing the depth of exploration and carrying out deep exploration, especially in some old mines, can obtain new important resources without expanding the scope of surface influence, so as to solve the resource bottleneck problem and effectively alleviate the ecological environment pressure brought by related activities.

With the implementation of the national marine strategy, in order to continuously expand the development space of marine economy, the exploration and evaluation of mineral resources in the sea area is becoming more and more important, and should be planned as soon as possible. We must adhere to the idea of seeking development with green and constantly seeking resources from deep and sea areas.

2. Make good use of two resources and two markets in the field of mineral resources.

In his speech at the opening ceremony of the China International Mining Conference in Tianjin in 2010, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that we should make full use of both domestic and foreign markets and resources, and constantly enhance the energy resources guarantee capacity for economic and social development.

In the face of economic globalization, adhering to China’s opening-up strategy, making full use of the implementation of the "Belt and Road" strategy, relying on foreign resources and foreign markets, and actively carrying out international cooperation are still important ways for China to effectively enhance its resource support capacity and increase its mineral resources reserves, and will remain a strategy that we should adhere to for a long time.

In view of the complicated and changeable international environment, it is also of great practical significance to further find out the property of China’s mineral resources and improve the guarantee ability based on the domestic situation. Mineral resources have the basic and leading characteristics in national development, so it is necessary for us to take precautions and make plans early in the construction of mineral resources security system. The metallogenic conditions in China are good, and many minerals still have great prospecting prospects, especially in the deeper exploration depth than before. It is suggested that, on the basis of the successful implementation of the last round of strategic action for prospecting breakthrough, based on the new situation, new characteristics, new goals and new tasks, and guided by the new development concept, a new round of strategic action plan for prospecting breakthrough in China should be planned and implemented as soon as possible.

3. Continue to advocate resource conservation and efficient use of resources.

In essence, green development requires a sustainable development path of resource saving and environmental friendliness. As a non-renewable resource, advocating resource conservation and efficient utilization of mineral resources is an important measure to enhance China’s mineral resources support capacity and improve the ecological environment. During the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the state strongly emphasized the strengthening of pollution prevention and control, and comprehensively improved the efficiency of resource and energy utilization. In 2016, the former Ministry of Land and Resources issued the Opinions on Promoting the Comprehensive Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Domestic Resources, which played a positive role in promoting the conservation and efficient utilization of mineral resources. It is suggested that relevant policies and regulations should be further promulgated and improved in the future, which will play an important role in improving China’s mineral resources support capacity and achieving high-quality development during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period.

4. Make overall planning and focus on building several important mineral resources connecting bases in the country.

According to the characteristics of resource endowment, combined with physical geography and economic and social conditions, guided by the concept of green development, we will make overall plans, build several national-level important mineral resources connecting bases in batches in a planned, focused way, and promote China’s regional economic development while improving the national mineral resources guarantee capacity.

For example, Jilin oil shale-oil sand-shale oil can be used as a connecting base of China’s energy resources. Jilin Province is blessed with oil shale, shale oil and oil sand resources. The latest evaluation shows that the oil shale resources are 247.8 billion tons, ranking first in the country. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, relevant departments have achieved breakthroughs in shale gas and shale oil. The shale oil geological resources of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin can reach 7.5 billion tons, and the shale gas geological resources of Shahezi Formation in Lishu fault depression exceed 500 billion cubic meters. Turn resource advantages into development advantages, develop new formats, and vigorously promote the implementation of the revitalization strategy of the old industrial base in Northeast China.

5. Deepen the reform and improve the enthusiasm of all kinds of capital to invest in the mining field.

Further innovate the system and mechanism, improve policies and regulations, give full play to the enthusiasm of the central, local and enterprises, and better attract and encourage social capital to invest in mineral resources exploration and development.

6. Further strengthen scientific and technological innovation and build a new industry talent team.

Writing expert: Zheng Peifen, Zhejiang Hospital, Clinical Nutrition Department, Chief Physician, Department Director.

　

　　According to the definition of WHO, two or more chronic non-communicable diseases coexist in the same person, which is referred to as comorbidity, coexistence of multiple chronic diseases or coexistence of multiple diseases. At present, comorbidity includes not only common chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and tumor, but also senile syndrome or senile health problems, such as falls, weakness, sleep disorder, malnutrition, urinary incontinence, delirium, depression and drug addiction.

　　Comorbidity among the elderly is very common. At present, the prevalence rate of comorbidity among people over 65 years old in China is 60%, and the proportion of comorbidity among elderly inpatients is as high as 91.36%. Comorbidity will lead to prolonged hospitalization, increased risk of multiple drugs and adverse events, and increased medical expenses, which seriously threatens the physical and mental health and life safety of the elderly in China.^[1] .

　　The incidence of malnutrition or malnutrition in the elderly with comorbidity is higher.

　　According to the data of prospective and multi-center survey in China, about 10.14% of hospitalized elderly patients are malnourished, and 46.42% are at nutritional risk. The incidence of malnutrition and nutritional risk increases obviously with age.^[2]. The high nutritional risk rate of the elderly in the community is 48.4%^[3]. According to the survey data of nutritional problems of elderly patients with comorbidity in a 3A hospital in Anhui, 68.5% of the elderly patients with comorbidity and multiple drugs are at nutritional risk and 15.7% are malnourished.^[4].

　　Causes of comorbid malnutrition

　　Elderly patients with comorbidity have degraded their own body functions, and at the same time, energy consumption is increased due to disease state and surgery, and their eating and digestive abilities are weakened due to braking, pain, and the need for multiple drugs, which is prone to malnutrition or malnutrition risks. The risk of malnutrition and malnutrition will lead to the increase of daily medication. Comorbidity and malnutrition/malnutrition risk problems interact.

　　Harm of comorbid malnutrition

　　Malnutrition in the elderly population seriously affects the treatment and prognosis of diseases. Malnutrition can not only affect the immune function, drug efficacy, disease or postoperative recovery effect, but also lead to the decline of multi-system function, which is easy to cause infection or make it difficult to control. In addition, poor outcomes caused by malnutrition, such as sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, falls, etc., will also cause weakness or promote the progress of weakness in elderly comorbid patients.

　　Oral nutritional supplement (ONS) has brought many benefits to the elderly with comorbidity.

　　1. ONS can improve the nutritional status of the elderly with comorbidity, which has a positive effect on the treatment of chronic diseases and the prognosis of patients.

　　For a long time, Chinese medical circles have regarded nutrition as a supplement and support, and regarded nutrition as a dispensable auxiliary. In the past 30 years, nutrition research has become a research hotspot. The dual functions of nutrition in significantly improving clinical outcomes and significantly saving medical expenses have been recognized more and more. People’s understanding of the importance of nutrition "treatment" has deepened day by day. Some experts even suggested that the last way to treat chronic diseases is "nutrition treatment". Nutritional therapy plays an important role in maintaining the normal metabolism of cells, supporting the function of tissues and organs, regulating the function of immune system, participating in the physiological function of the body and repairing the structure of tissues and organs.

　　The results of Lancet multi-center research show that compared with providing standard nutrition for hospital kitchens according to patients’ appetite, early ONS nutrition therapy can reduce the risk of complications (the risk of complications in experimental group VS control group is reduced by 19%, 22.9%VS26.9%) and the risk of death (the risk of death in experimental group VS control group is reduced by 35%, 7.2%VS9.9%).^[5].

　

　　Tips: Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONS) are nutritional preparations that can provide a variety of macronutrients and micronutrients for oral use with the aim of increasing oral nutritional intake. ONS has many advantages such as balanced nutrition, scientific formula, safety, effectiveness, convenience and quickness.

　　Click to learn more about ONS.

　

　　2. ONS is the first choice of nutritional intervention for the elderly with comorbidity.

　　ONS is a way of enteral nutrition, which is usually used to supplement the intake when the food is not enough to meet the body’s needs. As a special nutritional supplement formula, ONS can strengthen the content of nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, fat, minerals and vitamins in food and provide balanced nutrients to meet the body’s needs for nutrients. ONS is safe, effective, economical and convenient, and it is the first choice of nutritional intervention for the elderly with comorbidity.

　　3. Under what circumstances do you need ONS intervention?

　　Standardized nutritional therapy is the guarantee for patients to benefit. According to the 2018ESPEN guidelines for nutritional support for comorbidity of internal medicine patients.^[6]And guidelines for the application of parenteral and enteral nutrition in elderly patients in China (2020).^[7]According to the recommendation, elderly patients with comorbidity need routine nutritional screening; MNA-SF and NRS2002 nutrition screening tools are recommended. Elderly patients with malnutrition or nutritional risk and normal or basically normal gastrointestinal function should start enteral nutrition therapy as soon as possible (within 48 hours) to improve muscle loss and nutritional supply, and ONS is the first choice for enteral nutrition.

　　4. Recommended usage and dosage

　　It was found that ONS with 400～600 kcal and/or 30g protein per day, taken orally for 30 ~ 90 days between meals, can improve the nutritional status and clinical outcome of elderly patients. Attention should be paid to frequency, temperature, speed and concentration during use. The temperature is about 40℃, and it will gradually increase from dilute to thick for the first time according to the patient’s intestinal adaptation.

　　5. Precautions for Comorbid Patients to Use ONS

　　Guidelines recommend that comorbid patients should use a high-energy and high-protein diet to achieve energy and protein intake. High-quality protein, especially the formula rich in whey protein, is beneficial to the synthesis of protein in the elderly and easier to absorb; Long-term adequate dietary fiber intake is conducive to maintaining intestinal function. In clinical practice, according to different basic diseases, it is necessary to consider the specific nutrient composition, taste, texture and preservation of ONS. For example, the powder has a long shelf life and is ready to use, and the liquid formula has a high-energy and high-protein dosage form, which can be eaten immediately after opening, but the shelf life after opening is short. Specifically, it is necessary to focus on the patient’s compliance and the sustainability of improving nutritional status.

　　6. The key points of ONS formula selected by patients with different chronic diseases

　　According to the guidelines, the standard whole protein formula is suitable for most elderly patients. For elderly patients with chronic heart failure, high energy density formula is helpful for fluid management; For COPD patients with stable malnutrition, it is suggested to adopt a formula with higher fat ratio; The intake of protein is 1.5g/kg/d; Increasing omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fiber intake is beneficial to improve lung function and outcome; Elderly patients with diabetes can use the formula suitable for diabetes; For the nutritional treatment of elderly patients with high risk of pressure ulcers with nutritional risk or malnutrition, ONS with high protein is the first choice, and special nutrients rich in arginine, vitamin C and zinc can promote wound healing. In the elderly patients with sarcopenia who are at risk of malnutrition, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids can improve the decline of muscle strength in the elderly and prevent falls.

　　The incidence of malnutrition in elderly patients with comorbidity is high and the harm is serious. Medical institutions and related professionals need to strengthen the training of standardized nutritional treatment, and families and society should give more support to ONS, such as raising awareness of nutritional treatment and supporting medical insurance policies, which will help improve the nutritional status of elderly patients and bring multiple benefits.

　　References:

　　1. Xu Hu, Li Fan, Cao Feng. Clinical challenges and coping strategies in the management of comorbidity in the elderly [J]. Chinese Journal of Elderly Multiple Organ Diseases, 2019,18 (12), 942-946.

　　2. Cui Hongyuan, Zhu Mingwei, Chen Wei, et al. Multi-center investigation on nutritional status of elderly inpatients in China [J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics, 2021,03,364-369.

　　3. Kang Junren, Qiu Yue, Li Hailong, et al. Multi-center cross-sectional survey on nutritional risk of 3885 elderly people in China community [J]. Journal of China Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018,40 (05), 637-641.

　　4. Xu Mengqi, Qin Kan. Analysis of influencing factors of anticholinergic burden and malnutrition in elderly patients with comorbidity [J]. Zhongnan Pharmacy, 2022,20 (04), 934-938.

　　5.Schuetz P, Fehr R, Baechli V, et al. Individualised nutritional support in medical inpatients at nutritional risk: a randomised clinical trial [J]. Randomized Controlled Trial,Lancet. 2019 ; 393(10188):2312-2321.

　　6.Filomena Gomes , Philipp Schuetz , Lisa Bounoure , et al. ESPEN guidelines on nutritional support for polymorbid internal medicine patients[J]. Clin Nutr. 2018 ; 37(1):336-353.

　　7. Guidelines on Parenteral Enteral Nutrition for Elderly Patients in China (2020)[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics, 2020,02: 119-132.

　　　[Related links]

　　Topic-Super Doctor Says Nutrition

Source: Guangming Net

Toyota hybrid plays an important role in the automobile market. Since the launch of the world’s first hybrid production car, the PRIUS, in 1997, Toyota has been in the field of hybrid electric vehicles.Intensive cultivation for nearly 30 years.

According to the latest information, as of July 4, 2024, Toyota dual-engine HEVGlobal cumulative sales reached 18 million vehicles.This amazing figure is enough to illustrate the historical position of Toyota Hybrid in the global auto market.

There are many aspects of hybrid that consumers pay attention to, but do you know the reason for its good sales? Does Toyota hybrid technology still have advantages in the ever-changing new energy market in China?

1. Save fuel and worry

According to the statistics of many channels of this platform, the fuel consumption of users’ vehicles of Asian Dragon Twin Engine and Camry Twin Engine, which are popular at present, is between 5-6L/100km, and even as low as 4L/100 km. On the other hand,Toyota HEV does not need special maintenance, and its maintenance cycle and maintenance items are consistent with those of ordinary fuel vehicles.And because of the characteristics of hybrid cars,The renewal period of brake pads is longer, and the cost of car use is reduced to some extent..

In addition, Toyota also provides for the three power systems.Eight-year and 200,000-kilometer long warrantyAnd worry-free protection, which not only reflects Toyota’s confidence in the quality of its own products, but also makes Toyota HEV modelsHedging rateAlways stay at a high level.

According to the data of the second-hand car maintenance rate of a platform, the maintenance rate of one-year car age is 81.40%, two-year car age is 75.62%, and three-year car age is 69.83%. This data not only surpasses the vast majority of new energy vehicles, but also surpasses many traditional fuel vehicles.

2, battery advantages

Unlike the lithium batteries currently used in the new energy plug-in market, Toyota mostly adopts.The nickel-hydrogen batteryNormal design and useLife span is about 15 years,The battery has long service life and good stability.

At a time when the battery safety of new energy vehicles has attracted much attention, Toyota has maintainedpursue progress while ensuring stabilityThe momentum of continuous upgrading and innovation, improve the battery.Durability, safety and stability, has achieved battery for many years. "0 accident, 0 explosion, 0 electric leakage" Record, thanks to its excellent battery management system, through the accurate control of battery charging and discharging, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the safety and stability of the battery are ensured.

3. Cost advantage

The cost advantage is also a highlight of Toyota’s hybrid. Although the cost of buying a car is relatively high, it is comprehensiveThe car cost is low., plusHigh hedge ratio, so that consumers can save a lot of money in the long-term use process. Today, consumers pay more and more attention to cost performance, and the cost advantage of Toyota Hybrid will make it more competitive in the market competition.

4. Technology is constantly upgrading.

Technologically advancedPSD planetary gear "black technology" and comprehensive innovation of three electric technologies, bringing consumers a more comfortable and safe product diversified experience. With the continuous progress of science and technology, Toyota Hybrid is expected to continue to lead the industry in technological innovation to meet the needs of more consumers.

5. In terms of market layout

Realize from the entry compact car to the medium and large car.all standing, covering three major categories of passenger cars: cars, SUVs and MPVs, has launched as many as nine smart electric hybrid twin-engine models, including Highlander, Camry, Lei Ling and Fenglanda. In order to meet the diversified needs of different consumers.

Auto Network Review:Toyota hybrid is worth buying.

18 million car owners, the market feedback in the past 30 years, has been the best promotion, Toyota asNumber one in global sales in 23 years.There is no need to worry about the influence and product stability of automobile manufacturers.

The advantages of not picking oil, not liking to break, being stable and reliable, and being convenient to repair are also reflected in THS hybrid models. For consumers who want to save worry, effort and money, Toyota hybrid is a good choice.

New energy has become the general trend of car purchase at present, and various car companies have also laid out various products in different price ranges, and mini-cars are naturally a good choice that cannot be avoided. Most consumer use scenarios are mostly commuting to work, buying food and picking up babies, etc., which often put Yan value in the first place. In addition, small and easy to drive, low car cost and other factors are also key considerations. Today, let’s take a look at the highlights of this Pentium pony model.

Pentium pony is the representative work of FAW Pentium micro electric vehicle, and it is a pure electric car. Indeed, no matter in design or product positioning, the new car is unique in the micro electric vehicle market. The car is positioned as a 3-door and 4-seat mini electric vehicle close to Wuling Hongguang MINIEV. The car competes with popular models such as Hongguang mini EV, Chery QQ ice cream and Chang ‘an waxy corn, bringing users a new choice of micro-electricity market differentiation.

Regarding the appearance, the design of Pentium pony can be described as cute. Its big eyes and unique taillight design make people fall in love at first sight. Compact body size, suitable for shuttle in the city, two-color contrast body appearance, full of personality. I often get some curious and appreciative eyes because of the lovely appearance of the vehicle, and I feel quite happy. Chang ‘an "waxy corn" has a round body, and the front headlights are like an enlarged corn grain. It is reported that Pentium Pony offers 6 body colors, including lime, cherry, grape, blueberry, lychee and pearl lychee.

Coming to the side, the whole is quite compact, with a layout of three doors and four seats, while Chang ‘an waxy corn also adopts a layout of three doors and four seats. The wheel eyebrows on both sides of the Pentium pony cooperate with the white rearview mirror to enhance the overall sense of movement. In addition, the new car also uses low wind resistance wheels, which is more fashionable. The rear design has a clear echo with the front face.

In terms of configuration, Pentium pony also performed well. The central control retains many knob designs, which are simple and intuitive to operate, and a LCD instrument is in front. Although the interior space is small, the layout is reasonable. The whole system comes standard with the main driver airbag and the new generation EPS steering system. Chang ‘an waxy corn is also equipped with double airbags in the front row, reversing radar/image, uphill assist, multi-function steering wheel, 7-inch LCD instrument +10.25-inch central control screen, main driver’s cosmetic mirror and other configurations. In terms of interior color matching, Pony provides five fresh interiors, including Tiffany Green, Sakura Powder, Glazed Blue, Clear Blue and Time Gold. Compared with Chang ‘an waxy corn at the same price, Pentium pony has a more complete configuration.

Next, let’s talk about dynamic performance. Although the Pentium pony is a miniature pure tram, its power is not inferior to other similar models. Pentium pony is equipped with a single motor with a maximum power of 20 kW. Fast acceleration and flexible steering make you feel comfortable in busy urban traffic. The charging time of this model of Chang ‘an waxy corn is 9.8h, and fast charging is not supported.

Summary:For consumers, if they want to buy a pure electric mini-car to travel instead of walking, the product strength of this Pentium pony will indeed be more cost-effective. Pentium pony’s more distinctive product strength further enriches the product matrix of Pentium brand and brings diversified choices to users.

　　CCTV News:On April 29th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference, and asked the medical team of Beijing Hospital to tell the story of personal experience and fighting the epidemic together with the medical staff and heroic people in Hubei, and to answer questions from the media.

　　The reporter asked: The Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Beijing Hospital is a national key clinical specialty. What experience does it have in the field of traditional Chinese medicine in the process of aiding Hubei?

　　Xi Huan, executive vice president of Beijing Hospital, said that when Beijing Hospital set up a medical team, especially when it set up the second batch of medical teams on February 6, it had already considered some multidisciplinary organizational systems, including the selection of medical personnel from Chinese medicine departments.

　　On the front line of Wuhan, the director of Chinese medicine department of Beijing Hospital insisted on going deep into the ward every day to understand the changes of the condition. After the active efforts of Beijing Hospital and the cooperation and support of Tongji Sino-French New Town Campus, the medical team of Beijing Hospital’s aid to Hubei can carry out prescription treatment by using the method of Chinese medicine-free decoction granules.

　　The decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine need to be decocted. After it is granulated, it can be easily combined into a prescription, which is convenient for oral administration. In this way, Chinese medicine experts can truly achieve the treatment based on syndrome differentiation according to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine and the condition of each person. Different methods such as invigorating the spleen, clearing away lung heat, removing dampness and eliminating phlegm are used for different people.

　　In the process of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, the medical team of Beijing Hospital’s aid to Hubei not only used the mature Chinese patent medicines and prescriptions that everyone has recognized, but also adopted the method of dialectical treatment for each patient.

　　In addition, according to the statistics of the hospital’s information system every day, the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine among patients in the wards under management has reached more than 95%. Except for a few critically ill patients or those who have been treated with invasive ventilators, it may not be suitable to use traditional Chinese medicine, especially the method of prescription decoction, all patients who can use it have been treated with traditional Chinese medicine. In the process of treatment, the method of traditional Chinese medicine has played a very good role in treating the overall condition and improving the cure rate.

　　From the perspective of western medicine, in view of the lack of specific drugs in Covid-19, all the patients with pneumonia in Covid-19 treated by the Hubei Medical Team of Beijing Hospital adopt a comprehensive treatment method, and western medicine is also a comprehensive treatment method. In the comprehensive treatment, Chinese medicine has played its due role.