
Out of the snow-capped mountains, across the plateau, across the canyons, and rushing up to Wan Li, the Yangtze River is full of soup, giving birth to a long-standing Chinese civilization.
Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening-up, the economy and society in the Yangtze River Basin have developed rapidly, and the comprehensive strength has improved rapidly, which is the focus and vitality of China’s economy. However, the Yangtze River is overwhelmed by the long-term extensive development: Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, the "two kidneys" of the Yangtze River, have frequently bottomed out, nearly 30% of the important lakes and reservoirs are still in the state of eutrophication, and the Yangtze River’s biological integrity index has reached the worst "no fish" grade … … General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "‘ The Yangtze River is ill ’ And he is still very ill. "
"Never allow the ecological environment of the Yangtze River to continue to deteriorate in the hands of our generation, and we must leave a clean and beautiful Yangtze River for future generations!" Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made overall plans and scientific plans, and deployed and implemented the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
"Make great efforts to protect, not to develop" and "explore a new path of ecological priority and green development". In January 2016 and April 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader held two symposiums to promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in Chongqing in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Wuhan in the middle reaches, profoundly expounding the major issues that need to be correctly grasped and making work arrangements.
For more than three years, the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, together with the relevant departments of the State Council and 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River, has firmly adhered to the principle of "putting the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position", made great efforts to strengthen the top-level design, improve the ecological environment, promote the transformation and development, and explore the reform of the system and mechanism, so as to protect a mighty river.
Vitality reappears and "color" is improving.
Put the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position, and "great protection" will strike hard
With a click, Huang Yuyang pressed the shutter to freeze the finless porpoise at the moment when a plaster white jumped out of the river.
In recent years, every summer, Huang Yuyang, a citizen of Yichang, Hubei Province, went to the Yangtze River to photograph the finless porpoise. This year, he even photographed a "three porpoises in the same frame". "The frequent appearance of finless porpoises is a great improvement ‘ Chemical wai Jiang ’ Silent praise for continuing to repair the ecology. "
The finless porpoise is an indicator species of the Yangtze River ecosystem. The scientific investigation report of Yangtze finless porpoise released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2018 confirmed Huang Yuyang’s statement: The number of Yangtze finless porpoise is about 1012 in the main stream of Yangtze River from Yichang to Shanghai and in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake basins. Although the extremely endangered situation has not changed, the sharp decline in population has been curbed.
Walking along the Yangtze River, more gratifying improvements in the ecological environment are taking place — —
The continuous returning farmland to the lake has increased the storage area of Dongting Lake by 779 square kilometers compared with 1978. More than 200 wetland protection projects have increased the wetland area in the Yangtze River basin by 303,600 mu; The rectification of 1,361 illegal wharves along the Yangtze River trunk line was completed, of which 1,254 were demolished and all of them were greened, so that the banks of the Yangtze River were dressed in green again … …
The "mother river", which was seriously overdrawn, finally got a chance to breathe. In the past few decades, the Yangtze River Economic Belt has supported 45% of the country’s total economic output and cultivated over 40% of the population. However, the development mode of pursuing scale and speed in the past led to serious overdraft of the Yangtze River ecological account. According to the information released by the Yangtze River Committee of the Ministry of Water Resources, from 2005 to 2015, the wastewater discharge in the Yangtze River basin increased from 29.64 billion tons to 34.67 billion tons.
To promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the urgent task is to "stop bleeding" and do a good job in the protection and restoration of the Yangtze River ecological environment. The provinces and cities along the Yangtze River insist on continuously improving the water quality of the Yangtze River, and strike hard to solve outstanding ecological and environmental problems.
Solidly promote the control of water pollution, "strong medicine to eliminate furuncle, scraping bones to treat poison."
In 2017, Yichang picked up the "scalpel" and waved to the chemical industry, the first local industry with an output value of over 100 billion yuan. By the end of this year, it will complete the goal of "clearing" the installations of 134 chemical enterprises within 1 km of the coastline of the Yangtze River and its tributaries. Anhui has clearly defined the hierarchical control measures for the coastline of 1 km, 5 km and 15 km along the river, and carried out seven major actions of "prohibiting new construction, reducing storage, turning off pollution sources, entering the park, building new green buildings, accepting unified management and strengthening the mechanism".
Strive to promote water ecological restoration, "consolidating the foundation and cultivating the yuan, nourishing blood and defending qi".
On the banks of Taixing River in Jiangsu Province, small chemicals and shipyards that have been entrenched for decades have disappeared, and they have been replaced by natural ecological coastlines that stretch for 12 kilometers. Riverside ecological wetlands and green corridors have become the first choice for Taixing citizens to take a leisurely stroll. In Hubei, the 10-year-old "Honghu Ecological Defence War" also achieved results: all 1,634 professional fishermen landed, and the 155,000-mu lake purse seine was demolished, and the poetic landscape of "Hong Hushui, beating waves" was reappeared.
Treat the disease before it happens, and protect the "mother river" with the strictest system and the strictest measures.
Guizhou and Hubei establish a negative list system for industrial access; Hunan has cancelled the per capita GDP assessment for 79 restricted development regions and counties in the province; Jiangsu promotes 22 comprehensive reforms of environmental protection systems; Since the beginning of this year, Yunnan has included 36,000 square kilometers of Jinsha River Basin (Yunnan part) in the red line of ecological protection, accounting for 30.5% of the red line area of ecological protection in the province. Chongqing has fully implemented the river length system and established a three-level "double total river length" structure at city, district, county, street and town levels, covering more than 5,300 rivers and more than 3,000 reservoirs in the city.
The "Great Protection" struck hard and solved a number of "long-standing problems", and the color of "Mother River" gradually improved.
In January this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued a bulletin on the quality of water resources. Of the 1,155 water functional zones in the Yangtze River Basin, 1,032 reached the standard, with a compliance rate of 89.4%, an increase of nearly 4 percentage points year-on-year.
Strengthen cooperation and integrate organically.
Put your own development into the overall situation of coordinated development, play a good game of chess and protect a river together.
At the beginning of this year, counties and districts in Yichun City, Jiangxi Province agreed on 14 compensation agreements for cross-county horizontal ecological protection. The water quality of the handover section shall be assessed on a monthly basis, and if it meets the requirements of the agreement, the downstream counties shall compensate the upstream counties; If the agreement is not met, the upstream will compensate the downstream.
Water is flowing. In the past, the Yangtze River could not get out of the "strange circle" of pollution control. An important factor was that the upstream and downstream "played their own trumpets and sang their own tunes". Nowadays, "whoever pollutes will be treated" and "whoever benefits will be compensated". Responsibility comes first, benefit sharing is postponed, and responsibilities and rights are tied to each other. The governance situation of inter-provincial and inter-city basins in the main and tributary of the Yangtze River has changed.
Anhui and Zhejiang provinces carried out the first pilot project of ecological compensation in inter-provincial river basins in China, and protected an underwater Qiantang River in Qing Jiang for seven years in succession with the "water quality" of Xin ‘anjiang River. Up to now, Huangshan City and Jixi County in Anhui Province, which are located in the upper reaches of Xin ‘anjiang River, have received relevant compensation of nearly 4 billion yuan. In Chishui River in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces jointly set up a compensation fund for horizontal ecological protection in the basin of 200 million yuan to protect this tributary of the Yangtze River, which is known as the "Wine River".
The upstream and downstream, the left and right banks and the main tributaries of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are an organic whole, and the key to great protection lies in the word "common", but it is also difficult to do so. Under the pattern of a chess game in the whole basin, both ecological management and industrial development must correctly grasp the relationship between their own development and coordinated development.
Only by eliminating "blocking points", breaking regional barriers and accelerating river basin coordination can the "golden waterway" be smooth — —
From 1,500 containers a day to 2,500 containers a day, it only took more than a year for Chenglingji Port in Yueyang, Hunan. Deng Longbiao, head of the comprehensive department of Hunan Port Group, introduced that Chenglingji Port cooperated with Shanghai Port Group to set up Hunan Chenglingji Port Group, which opened up the "blocking point" of integrated water transport in the province and strengthened cooperation with upstream and downstream terminals. In the past, "the big ship was not satisfied, and the small boat could not fit". Now, "the small boat went to the tributary, and the big ship entered the Yangtze River, and the size was full".
From Taicang Port in Jiangsu to Shuifu Port in Yunnan, the tide of port integration is surging inland along the Yangtze River waterway. Logistics alliances and port alliances have been formed one by one, and the comprehensive three-dimensional transportation corridor has been accelerated. Hot metal combined transport and river-sea combined transport & HELIP; … Under multimodal transport, the gold content of the "golden waterway" with the largest freight volume of the Yangtze River in the world continues to increase.
Only by clearing market barriers, promoting the free flow and optimal allocation of labor, capital, technology and other factors across regions, dislocation development and coordinated development can the Yangtze River Economic Belt be built into an organically integrated and efficient economy — —
A new energy electric vehicle is designed and developed in Shanghai. The battery materials and battery packs come from Changzhou, Jiangsu, Ganzhou, Jiangxi and other places, and the whole vehicle assembly is in Hubei, Sichuan and Chongqing. Electronic information, equipment manufacturing and other industrial chains are longer, with more flowers in the upper, middle and lower reaches, dislocation competition and gratifying division of labor and cooperation, which has become an important support for the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
At present, the "1+3" inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, led by the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and attended by 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River, has been fully established, and four provinces and cities in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, three provinces in the middle reaches and four provinces and cities in the upper reaches have also established inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanisms respectively, and the system and mechanism for coordinated development have been continuously improved.
Upstream, the Yangtze River Basin Park Cooperation Alliance, established with the participation of 48 cities and 59 parks, is making great efforts to promote collaborative innovation between intelligent manufacturing and robot industry chain elements. Overlooking the Yangtze River, the regional integration development of the Yangtze River Delta has become a national strategy, and the integration development level of urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomerations has been continuously improved … … Jumping out of the "thinking of three points in one acre", playing a good game of chess and protecting a river together, the endless Yangtze River is scouring out a coordinated development zone.
Reform leads and innovation drives.
Change and innovate the traditional development mode and path, and promote the transformation of the development power of the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Many people didn’t expect that Guizhou, an underdeveloped inland province, had devoted several years to "making something out of nothing" and built a famous "China Valley" at home and abroad.
Guided by Gui ‘an New District, Guizhou relies on abundant hydropower resources to cut into the "big data industry". A number of Fortune 500 companies such as Intel, Dell and Apple gathered here, and a number of domestic big data leaders such as CLP, Alibaba and Huawei took root here.
Han Shaobo, deputy director of the Big Data Development Administration of Guizhou Province, introduced that Guizhou takes innovation as the engine to accelerate the "stock change" to achieve the "variable breakthrough" of the digital economy. At present, 33.9% of industrial enterprises in the province have fully integrated big data with key business links such as R&D, production, sales and management, and the growth rate of the digital economy has ranked among the best in the country for four consecutive years.
The success or failure of ecological environment protection depends on the economic structure and economic development mode in the final analysis. Grasping great protection and not engaging in great development is not to develop, but to force the transformation and innovation of traditional development models and paths, and to seek higher quality development with green and innovation as the keynote.
The transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the cultivation of emerging industries and the optimization and upgrading of manufacturing structure are promoting the transformation of the development momentum of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Walking into the No.18 Workshop of Sany Heavy Industry in Changsha Economic and Technological Development Zone is like walking into a garden. A traditional production line usually produces only one product, but in this well-known intelligent manufacturing demonstration workshop in Asia, more than 30 kinds of construction machinery and equipment can be assembled, and an excavator can be off the assembly line in 5 minutes.
"We must take the initiative to cross the threshold of intelligent and digital transformation!" Liang Wengen, chairman of Sany Heavy Industry, said. Facing the once depressed market, Changsha construction machinery enterprises, including Sany Heavy Industry, have built intelligent manufacturing workshops, laid out intelligent logistics systems and built a big data cloud platform to seize the commanding heights of industrial chain and value chain in the increasingly fierce market competition.
Faced with the huge stock of traditional industries, the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River insisted on deepening the structural reform of the supply side. On the one hand, resolutely go to production capacity, the decisive elimination of the elimination, the complete withdrawal of the withdrawal, and the strong man broke his wrist to crack the "chemical encirclement of the river." On the other hand, we will persist in upgrading traditional industries with modern technology and accelerate the "stock change": Hubei has rolled out the "10,000-enterprise trillion-dollar technological transformation project", with an investment of more than 500 billion yuan in industrial technological transformation; In 2018, Guizhou implemented technological transformation for 1,688 industrial enterprises through the "transformation of thousands of enterprises", and made Shangyun enterprises exceed 10,000 through the "integration of all enterprises"; Jiangxi has thoroughly implemented the three-year action plan for technological transformation of industrial enterprises, and strived to increase the investment in technological transformation by 30% in 2019 & hellip; … In 2018, the main business income of industrial enterprises above designated size in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was 46.7 trillion yuan, accounting for 45.7% of the national industry, an increase of 4.1 percentage points compared with 41.6% in 2014.
Walking through Zuoling Avenue at the edge of Wuhan Optical Valley, just 8 kilometers, Yangtze River Storage (National Storage Base), Huaxing Optoelectronics, tianma microelectronics and other "new Wuhan-made" are row upon row, and the total investment of emerging industries exceeds 400 billion yuan.
Wuhan Optical Valley started from an optical fiber 40 years ago and developed into a national optoelectronic industry base. Only optical fiber occupies 25% of the global market share. Today’s Optics Valley, from network transmission to display, from intelligent terminals to chips, a trillion-dollar industrial cluster with "core screen end network" has taken shape.
From "Optical Valley" in Wuhan to "Digital Valley" in Guizhou and "Smart Valley" in Chongqing, from "Huigu" in Wuxi, Jiangsu and "Sound Valley" in Hefei, Anhui to "Power Valley" in Zhuzhou, Hunan, which leads the industry with rail transit equipment, all areas along the Yangtze River insist on innovation-driven and "incremental rise", and new technologies, new formats, new models and new industries are surging, and a number of them are competitive and influential in the country and the world.
What is more exciting than the optimization and upgrading of manufacturing structure is that creating an innovative environment and stimulating endogenous power are injecting inexhaustible power into accelerating the transformation of old and new kinetic energy along the Yangtze River.
"Elsewhere, parks are built in urban areas, and we are building new cities in parks, changing ‘ Production — City — People ’ The development logic of is ‘ People — City — Production ’ 。” Liu Yang, deputy director of Chengdu Science City Management Committee in Tianfu New District, Sichuan, said that it took only four years for Tianfu New District to develop from a blank sheet of paper to become the core area of innovation and development in Sichuan.
Nanjing Jiangbei New District has carried out the pilot reform of "Regional Environmental Assessment+Environmental Standards" in Industrial Technology Research and Innovation Park, put forward the project access standards, and formulated a "negative list" to provide environmental support for building a "city of chips" and a "city of genes". In the first four months of this year, the main business income of integrated circuits and life and health industries in Jiangbei New District increased by 52% and 40.5% respectively.
Chongqing Liangjiang New District stipulates that social investment projects that do not involve land and financial subsidy policies only need to be filed and no longer approved; For foreign-invested projects that meet the requirements of industrial layout, the foreign-funded authorities will no longer pre-approve them … … Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Digital Economy Industrial Park, which has been listed for only one year, has attracted investment of 52.9 billion yuan and accepted 3,865 digital economy enterprises.
The construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center has been launched in an all-round way, and the comprehensive innovation and reform experiments in Anhui, Sichuan and other regions have been further promoted. The pilot reform of Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Chongqing and Sichuan Pilot Free Trade Zones has accumulated experience & HELIP; … The "Golden Waterway" connects the "Belt and Road", and the reform and innovation and opening up have increased their efforts, anchoring the "innovation drive belt that leads the national transformation and development". The Yangtze River Dragon is taking off with a new attitude. (Reporter He Guanghua, Cheng Yuanzhou, Sun Chao)